Autonomic nervous system

Question 1

Where are the somas of the first and second neurons in the symp and parasymp chain?

Answer 1

The first is in the CNS the second is in the PNS

Question 2

What do GVE do?

Answer 2

control involuntary functions like vascular tone and glandular secretions

Question 3

What to GVA do?

Answer 3

carry pain info to CNS and represent afferent limb of autonomic reflex

Question 4

Where are the soma of preganglionic sympathetic neurons?

Answer 4

lateral horn of spinal cord T1-L2/3

Question 5

Where do preganglionic sympathetic fibers leave the spinal cord?

Answer 5

via anterior horn of the spinal cord

Question 6

Pre.g sympathetic fibers do one of three things after leaving the anterior horn of the spinal cord What three things are they?

Answer 6

Synapse on symp chain at the SAME LEVEL. Ascend or descend in the symp chain/trunk and synapse at ANOTHER LEVEL. Pass thru the symp chain WITHOUT SYNAPSING and travel to paravertebral ganglia

Question 7

What makes the sympathetic chain ganglia?

Answer 7

The soma of POSTganglionic sympathetic neurons

Question 8

Name the 3 cervical ganglia

Answer 8

Superior cervical ganglion, middle cervical ganglion, inferior cervical ganglion

Question 9

Where is the Superior cervical ganglion?

Answer 9

at C1-C2 vertebral level

Question 10

Where is the Middle Cervical Ganglion?

Answer 10

at C6 vertebral level/ cricoid cartilage

Question 11

where is the inferior cervical ganglion?

Answer 11

at C7 vertebral level.

Question 12

In about 80% of individuals the C7 and T1 ganglia are…

Answer 12

fused to form the stellate ganglion

Question 13

Besides the cervical ganglia, what other ganglia are there in the sympathetic chain?

Answer 13

10-12 Thoracic, 4 Lumbar, 4-5 sacral ganglia

Question 14

How many spinal nerves do sympathetic fibers course through? What about named nerves along the body wall?

Answer 14

They course through ALL spinal nerves and MOST named nerves that run in the extremeties and the body wall

Question 15

Do Parasympathetic fibers travel to limbs or body wall?

Answer 15

No they do not

Question 16

Do symp or parasymp fibers course to blood vessels, sweat glands, arrector pili muscles and virtually all parts of the body except for cartilge and nails?

Answer 16

Postganglionic sympathetic fibers do this

Question 17

Where does dental pulp receive its postganglionic sympathetic fibers from?What type of fibers are they? what do they control?

Answer 17

From the superior cervical ganglion. They are GVE fibers and control vascular tone

Question 18

The GSA fibers in pulp transmit pain info to what cranial nerve?

Answer 18

CN-V

Question 19

where do superior cervical ganglion receive preganglionic sympathetic fibers from?Do they ascend or descend to get there?

Answer 19

T1-T3 they ascend through the chain to get to their synapse at the superior cervical ganglion

Question 20

The Superior cervical ganglion postganglionic fibers contribute to

Answer 20

Internal carotid plexus, external carotid plexus, carotid body and sinus, C1-C4 spinal nerves, cardiac plexus REVIEW THIS SLIDE IT SUCKS (slide 14)

Question 21

Sometimes the Middle cervical ganglion is…

Answer 21

missing, it is the smallest

Question 22

PREganglionic symp fibers of the MIDDLE cervical ganglion come from

Answer 22

T1-T3 and T4 and T5

Question 23

POSTganglionic symp fibers from the MIDDLE cervical ganglion contribute to…

Answer 23

C5 and 6 spinal nerves, and the cardiac plexus via the cardiopulmonary splanchnic nerve

Question 24

The Inferior cervical ganglion is sometimes….

Answer 24

FUSED with 1st thoracic as the stellate ganglion

Question 25

The PREganglionic symp fibers of the INFERIOR cervical ganglion come from

Answer 25

T1-T3 and T4 and T5.

Question 26

the POSTganglionic symp fibers from the INFERIOR cervical ganglion contribute to

Answer 26

C7 and C8 spinal nerves and cardiac plexus via cardiopulmonary splanchnic nerve

Question 27

Preganglionic sympathetic fibers from T1-T5(upper thoracic ganglia) in from the lateral horn synapse where in addition to the superior middle and inferior cervical ganglia?

Answer 27

At the THORACIC paravertebral ganglia at the SAME level T1-T5

Question 28

POSTganglionic sympathetic fibers from the upper thoracic ganglia contribute to what?

Answer 28

Cardiac and pulmonary plexuses, via the cardiopulmonary splanchnic nerves and spinal nerves T1-T5

Question 29

With respect to the MID-LOWER thoracic and LUMBAR ganglia and PREganglionic splanchnic nerves, where do the preganglionic sympathetic fibers synapse?

Answer 29

In THORACIC paravertebral ganglia at the same level for the MOST part.

Question 30

If PREganglionic symp fibers from the Mid thoracic/lumbar/preganglionic splanchnic nerves pass thru the chain WITHOUT synapsing they form ABDOMINOPELVIC splanchnic nerves, which include what?

Answer 30

GREATER. LESSER, LEAST and LUMBAR splanchnic nerves

Question 31

Where is the Greater Splanchnic nerve?

Answer 31

T5-T9

Question 32

Where is the lesser splanchnic nerve?

Answer 32

T10-T11

Question 33

Where is the Least splanchnic nerve?

Answer 33

T12 (its the only one with one spinal level)

Question 34

Where is the Lumbar splanchnic nerve?

Answer 34

L1-L2/3

Question 35

Where do Abdominopelvic splanchnic nerves travel to?

Answer 35

prevertebral ganglia

Question 36

List the prevertebral ganglia

Answer 36

Celiac, aorticorenal, superior mesenteric, and inferior mesenteric ganglia

Question 37

POSTganglionic symp fibers of the abdominoppelvic splanchnic nerves leave their ganglia and are distributed to the

Answer 37

organs

Question 38

organ of celiac ganglia?

Answer 38

Foregut

Question 39

Organ of Superior mesenteric ganglia?

Answer 39

midgut

Question 40

organ of inferior mesenteric ganglia?

Answer 40

hindgut

Question 41

organ of aorticorena ganglia?

Answer 41

Kidney

Question 42

How does one get horner's syndrome?

Answer 42

interruption of the cervical sympathetic chain

Question 43

what are the symptoms of Horner's syndrome?

Answer 43

Absence of sympathetic functions on IPSILATERAL side of the head, like: pupil constriction, ptosis, redness of skin due to vasodilation, anhydrosis or absence of sweating

Question 44

Which brainstem nuclei are PREganglionic parasympathetic fibers located in?

Answer 44

Those associated wtih CN III, VII, IX, X. they are also found in S2 S3 and S4

Question 45

Where are the POSTganglionic cell bodies of parasympathetic fibers located?

Answer 45

In the ganglia close to the target organs