Autonomic Nervous System (ch15)

Question 1

preganglionic fibers

Answer 1

• myelinated fibers (type B)
• pass through trunk without synapsing

Question 2

postganglionic fibers

Answer 2

unmyelinated fibers (type C)

Question 3

neurons can either ____ or _____ target organs

Answer 3

exctite, inhibit

Question 4

preganglionoc cell bodies lie in ____ of ____ segments of spinal cord

Answer 4

lateral horn, T1-L2

Question 5

SNS is often referred to as

Answer 5

Thoracolumbar division of ANS

Question 6

4 pathways to exit the chain

Answer 6

1. spinal nerve pathway
2. sympathetic nerve pathway
3. splanchnic nerve pathway
4. adrenal medulla pathway

Question 7

spinal nerve pathway

Answer 7

• goes to blood vessels, sweat glands and arrector pili muscles
• every spinal nerve receives a grey ramus

Question 8

sympathetic nerve pathway

Answer 8

• join or supply regions and structures innervated by cranial nerves 3, 7, 9, 10
• form nerve plexus (cardiac, pulmonary, esophageal, hypogastric)

Question 9

splanchnic

Answer 9

refers to the viscera or internal organs

Question 10

splanchnic Nerve pathway

Answer 10

• greater splanchnic nerve goes to celiac region
• lesser splanchnic nerve goes to aorticorenal and superior mesenteric ganglia
• least splanchnic nerve goes to the renal ganglion
• lumbar splanchnic nerve goes to the inferior mesenteric ganglion

Question 11

greater splanchnic, lesser splanchnic, least splanchnic

Answer 11

originate above the diaphragm, must pierce through the diaphragm

Question 12

adrenal medulla pathway

Answer 12

preganglionic fibers originate between T5-T8 and pass through the chain and celiac ganglion without synapsing and proceed to the suprarenal gland

Question 13

4 cranial nerves carry parasympathetic fibers

Answer 13

CN 3 –> to intrinsic eye muscle, pupil and lens
CN 7 –> to the tear glands and salivary glands
CN 9 –> to the parotid salivary glands
CN 10 –> the the visceral organs or the thoracic adn abdominal cavities

Question 14

which 3 nerves exit from the sacrum

Answer 14

S2, S3, S4

Question 15

adrenergic neurons

Answer 15

release norepinephrine (NE)

Question 16

Cholinergic neurons

Answer 16

Release acetylcholine (ACh)

Question 17

Alpha adrenergic receptors reacts mostly to

Answer 17

norepinephrine

Question 18

beta adrenergic receptors mostly to

Answer 18

epinephrine

Question 19

activation of the 1 subtype produces….

Answer 19

excitation

Question 20

activation of the 2 subtype produces

Answer 20

inhabitation

Question 21

how many subtypes do cholingeric muscarinic receptors

Answer 21

at least 5 subtypes

Question 22

targets of autonomic neurons

Answer 22

skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscle , many exocrine glands and some endocrine glands

Question 23

autonomic neurons synapse between _____ and the target is called _________

Answer 23

postganglionic neuron, neuroeffector junction

Question 24

rest and digest is parasympathetic or sympathetic

Answer 24

parasympathetic

Question 25

parasympathetic

Answer 25

network of nerves that relaxes your body after periods of stress

Question 26

fight or flight is sympathetic or parasympathetic

Answer 26

sympathetic

Question 27

sympathetic

Answer 27

response to dangerous and stressful situations

Question 28

parasympathetic responses

Answer 28

- pupils constrict - increases activity of digestive glands - increae digestive tract motality \ - decrease heart rate

Question 29

sympathetic responses

Answer 29

- pupils dilate - increase in heart rate and blood pressure - decrease in blood flow to kidney and digestive organs

Question 30

ANS works closely with which systems

Answer 30

- endocrine system and behavioural state system

Question 31

motor output forms what responses

Answer 31

autonomic responses, endocriine responses and behavioural responses