Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Advanced Pharmacology > Autonomic NS Pharmacology > Flashcards

Autonomic NS Pharmacology Flashcards

(41 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What two types of nerves make up the peripheral NS?

A

Somatic Nerves

Autonomic Nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the function of somatic nerves?

A

Movement of skeletal muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the function of autonomic nerves?

A

Motor function of internal organs

  • Motility of GI tract, bladder
  • Dilation of pupils
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What two systems make up the autonomic NS?

A

Sympathetic (Adrenergic)

Parasympathetic (Cholinergic)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What neurotransmitters and receptors are involved in the sympathetic NS?

A

Epinephrine 80% & NE 20% (adrenal medula)
Norepinephrine (nerves)
Ach (sweat glands - ONLY EXCEPTION)
Dopamine (renal, D1 receptors)

Adrenergic receptors

  • Alpha 1, Alpha 2
  • Beta 1, Beta 2, Beta 3 (not clinically significant)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What neurotransmitters and receptors are involved in the parasympathetic NS?

A

Acetylcholine

Muscarinic receptors
- M1, M2, M3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is miosis and which NS is it involved in?

A

Constrict pupils

Parasympathetic autonomic NS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is mydriasis and what NS is it involved in?

A

Dilate pupils

Sympathetic autonomic NS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are 8 pharmacologically relevant functions of the PANS?

A
  1. Miosis (CN III)
  2. Lacrimation (CN VII)
  3. Salivation (CN IX)
  4. Decreased HR (CN X)
  5. Broncho-constriction
  6. Stimulates GI motility & secretion
  7. Contracts bladder & Relaxes sphincter
  8. Erection
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are 9 pharmacologically relevant functions of the SANS?

A
  1. Mydriasis
  2. Increased HR & Contractility
  3. Bronchodilation
  4. Arteriolo-constriction
  5. Inhibits GI motility & secretion
  6. Stimulates adrenals
  7. Stimulates glucose release
  8. Relaxes bladder & contracts sphincter
  9. Ejaculation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

__________ is the neurotransmitter at the autonomic ganglia.

A

Acetylcholine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Where are a1 receptors found?

A

Blood vessels
Pupils dilators
Intestinal & bladder sphincters
Liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the agonist actions of a1?

A 
Vasoconstriction
Mydriasis
Increased intestinal & bladder tone
Increased glycogenolysis
Decreased renin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the antagonist actions of a1?

A

Relaxation of vascular smooth muscle
Vasodilation
Relaxation of the prostate capsule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Where are a2 receptors found?

A

Presynaptic sympathetic neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the agonist actions of a2?

A 
Decreased sympathetic outflow
Decreased insulin release
Decreased lipolysis
Decreased aqueous humor production
Increased platelet aggregation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Where are B1 receptors found?

18
Q

What are the agonist actions of B1?

Study These Flashcards
A

Increased HR & contractility
Increases renin release
Increased lipolysis

19
Q

What are the antagonist actions of B1?

Study These Flashcards
A

Decreased HR & contractility

20
Q

Where are B2 receptors found?

Study These Flashcards
A

Lungs
Blood vessels
Liver
Pancreas

21
Q

What are the 8 agonist actions of B2?

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. Vasodilation
  2. Bronchodilation
  3. Increased lipolysis
  4. Increased insulin release
  5. Increased glycogenolysis
  6. Increased aqueous humor production
  7. Increased K+ cellular uptake
  8. Decreased uterine tone (tocolysis)
22
Q

What are the antagonist actions of B2?

Study These Flashcards
A

Bronchoconstriction
Decreased K+ cellular uptake
Decrease aqueous humor production

23
Q

Sympathomimetic Drugs

Study These Flashcards
A

Adrenergic Agonists

Drugs that MIMIC the activity of the SNS

24
Q

Define Direct-Acting Agonists.

Study These Flashcards
A

Exert their effect by DIRECTLY BINDING to alpha, beta, or dopaminergic receptors and mimicking the effects of endogenous catecholamines.

25
Define Indirect-Acting Agonists.
Enhance the effects of Epi & NE by inhibiting their reuptake or degradation.
26
Define Mixed-Action Agonists.
Work by directly binding to receptors & releasing NE from its stores.
27
What are non-selective adrenergic agonists?
Are mainly natural catecholamines (CA) Only available as injections Theoretically work on all adrenergic receptors Epi NE Dopamine
28
What are selective adrenergic agonists?
Are mainly synthetic CAs and non-CAs. Selectivity is not absolute, it is lost with high doses. a1-selective: Oxymetazoline & phenylephrine a2-selective: Clonidine B1-selective: Dobutamine B2-selective: SABA (albuterol) & LABA (formoterol) B3-selective: Mirabegron
29
What are 2 examples of indirect-acting adrenergic agonists?
Cocaine | Amphetamines
30
What are 2 examples of mixed-action adrenergic agonists?
Ephedrine | Pseudoephedrine
31
Cathecholamines - Oral usability - Duration of action - CNS penetration
Cathecholamines - Oral usability: INEFFECTIVE - Duration of action: SHORT - CNS penetration: POOR
32
Non-Cathecholamines - Oral usability - Duration of action - CNS penetration
Non-Cathecholamines - Oral usability: EFFECTIVE - Duration of action: LONG - CNS penetration: GOOD
33
How does epinephrine interact with a1 receptors?
Can activate almost all adrenergic receptors hence, it is the treatment of choice for anaphylactic shock a1 stimulation → vasoconstriction → ↑BP & ↓ edema
34
How does epinephrine interact with B1 receptors?
B1 stimulation → ↑HR & contractility → ↑CO (used for cardiac arrest caused by asystole)
35
How does epinephrine interact with B2 receptors?
B2 stimulation → Bronchodilation (sometimes used for emergency treatment of bronchospasms)
36
How does NE interact with adrenergic receptors?
At therapeutic doses, NE mainly stimulates a1 receptors → vasoconstriction → ↑BP Its use is more limited than epi, helps in cases of profound hypotension & shock
37
How does dopamine function in LOW DOSES?
In low doses, it stimulates | D1 receptors → renal vasodilation
38
How does dopamine function in MODERATE DOSES?
In moderate doses, it stimulates | B1 receptors → cardiac stimulation
39
How does dopamine function in HIGH DOSES?
In high doses, it simulates | a1 receptors → vasoconstriction
40
When treating shock, which is preferred: Dopamine or NE?
Dopamine is preferred to NE because of its effect on renal vasculature when used in low doses
41
What are 2 examples of a1-selective drugs?
Oxymetazoline: Used as eyedrops for red eye Phenylephrine: Nasal decongestants, OTC old treatments; can ↑BP & precipitate angina

Advanced Pharmacology (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions