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Pharmacology > Autonomic Pharmacology > Flashcards

Autonomic Pharmacology Flashcards

(59 cards)

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0
Q 
AcH 
Synthesis
Storage
Release
Termination
A

Choline acetyltransferase hemicholinium
VAT vesamicol
SNARE botulinum
Acherase indirect-acting cholinomimetics

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1
Q

Spinal roots
SANS
PANS

A

T1-T12 and L1-L5

CN X IX VII III sacral

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2
Q

Direct Acting Cholinomimetics

A

M3 betanechol pilocarpine

N nicotine

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3
Q

Bladder and bowel atony post surgery or SCI

A

Betanechol

Direct Acting Cholinomimetics

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4
Q

Increase aqueous humor outflow

Increase salivation

A

Pilocarpine

Direct Acting Cholinomimetics

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5
Q

Glaucoma
Sicca
Sjogren

A

Pilocarpine

Direct Acting Cholinomimetics

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6
Q

Sjogren

A

Xerostomia dry mouth
Xerophthalmia dry eyes
RA

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7
Q

Activates Nn and Nm

Smoking cessation

A

Nicotine

Direct Acting Cholinomimetics

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8
Q

CNS STIMULATION

Miosis, BOV sec to cyclospasm, bronchoconstriction, diarrhea, urgency, reflex tachycardia, vasodilation, sweating

A

Muscarinic toxicity

Mushroom: inocybe and amanita

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9
Q

GANGLIONIC STIMULATION
Blockade of NM end plate depolarization
Convulsions to paralysis to coma

A

Nicotinic toxicity

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10
Q

Indirect acting cholinomimetics

A

Short edrophonium
Intermediate carbamates: neostigmine and rivastigmine
Long organophosphates

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11
Q

Tensilon test

Myasthenic vs cholinergic crisis

A

Edrophonium

Indirect acting cholinomemimetics

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12
Q

Myasthenia gravis treatment
Nicotinic toxicity
Ogilvie syndrome

A

Neostigmine
Pyridostigmine
Physostigmine - glaucoma

Carbamates
Indirect acting cholinomemimetics

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13
Q

Alzheimer’s disease

A

Rivastigmine
Galantamine
Donezepil
Tacrine

Carbamates
Indirect Acting Cholinomimetics

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14
Q 
Diarrhea
Urination
Miosis
Bronchospasm
Bradycardia
Excitation
Lacrimation
Sweating
Salivation
A

Organophosphate poisoning

Long acting indirect cholinomimetic

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15
Q

Antidote for OP and nerve gas poisoning

A

First choice: Atropine
Blocks Nm receptors. Competitive antagonist.

Pralidoxime
Cholinesterase regenerator. Chemical antagonist.
6-8 hrs

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16
Q

Cholinoreceptor Blockers

A 
Anticholinergic
AntiNm
- nonselective atropine benztropine scopolamine
- selective ipatropium 
AntiNn
- ganglion blockers hexamethonium
- Nm blockers: non/depolarizing

Cholinesterase regenerator
Oxime pralidoxime

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17
Q

Restores neurotransmitter balance in basal ganglia

Reduces TREMORS more than bradykinesia or rigidity

A

Benztropine

Nonselective antimuscarinic cholinoreceptor blocker

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18
Q

Antagonizes histamine and serotonin

MOTION SICKNESS

A

Scopolamine

Nonselective antimuscarinic cholinoreceptor blocker

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19
Q

Blocks M1 and prevents vagal stimulated bronchoconstriction

BA, COPD + HF

A

Ipatropium

Selective antimuscarinic cholinoreceptor blocker

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20
Q 
Hyperthermia
Dec secretions
Flush
BOV
CNS toxicity
A

Atropine toxicity

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21
Q

Contraindications to Muscarinic toxicity

A

Infants
Angle closure glaucoma
BPH

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22
Q

Hypertensive emergencies

Obsolete antihypertensives

A

Hexamethonium
Ganglion blocker
Antinicotinic cholinoreceptor blocker

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23
Q

Complete skeletal muscle relaxation in surgery

Study These Flashcards
A

Neuromuscular blockers

24
NM blockers Non depolarizing Depolarizing
Tubocurarine Pancuronium Atracurium Vecuronium Succinylcholine
25
``` NE Synthesis Storage Release Termination ```
Tyrosine hydroxylase metyrosine Vesicles dec reserpine inc MAOIs SNARE dec guanethidine inc amohetamines and tyramine Dec reuptake cocaine and TCAs Dec metabolism MAOIs and COMT inhibitors
26
Sympathomimetics
``` Direct Nonselective: nor/epi dopa Alpha - a1: phenylephrine - a2: apra/clonidine, methyldopa Beta - nonselective: isoproterenol - b1: dolbutamine - b2: salbutamol ``` Indirect
27
A1
Contracts vascular smooth muscle Mydriasis Erects hair Glycogenolysis in liver
28
B1
Stimulates heart rate and force | Stimulates renin release
29
B2
Bronchodilation Glycogenolysis Stimulates insulin release Tremor
30
Activates A1 B1 B2 Cardiac arrest IV Anaphylaxis IM
Epinephrine | Nonselective direct acting sympathomimetic
31
Activates A1 B1 B2 Neurogenic shock Cardiogenic shock (last resort)
Norepinephrine | Nonselective direct acting sympathomimetic
32
Activates A1 B1 D1 Shock Heart failure
Dopamine | Nonselective direct acting sympathomimetic
33
Dopa 1-5 5-15 >15
D1 Vasodilation in splanchnic and renal vascular beds B1 increased A vasoconstriction and inc BP
34
Asthma Beta nonselective Competitive with propanolol
Isoproterenol | Beta Nonselective direct acting sympathomimetic
35
Decongestant Spinal shock Drug induced hypotension Vasoconstriction and inc BP WOF?
Phenylephrine A1 selective direct acting sympathomimetic Rebound nasal congestion
36
Hypertension Cancer pain Opioid withdrawal Dec central sympathetic outflow WOF?
Clonidine A2 selective direct acting sympathomimetic Rebound hpn Phentolamine
37
Pre eclampsia Dec central sympathetic outflow WOF?
Methyldopa A2 selective direct acting sympathomimetic Sedation HA + coombs
38
Glaucoma Dec aqueous humor secretion WOF
Apraclonidine A2 BOV and conjunctivitis Dry mouth
39
Inc HR and contractility Acute HF Cardiogenic shock Cardiac stress testing WOF?
Dobutamine B1 Tachyphylaxis
40
Bronchodilation DOC for acute asthma attacks Precipitates arrhythmia in patients with COPD and Heart disease
Salbutamol
41
Activates B2 Tocolysis for PT labor Precipitates arrhythmia in patients with COPD and Heart disease
Terbutaline | Ritodrine
42
Adrenoreceptor blockers
Alpha Nonselective (a1>a2) A1 Beta Nonselective B1
43
Pheochromocytoma | Irreversible
Phenoxybenzamine
44
Pheochromocytoma Rebound hypertension Reversible
Phentolamine
45
A blockers | WOF
Orthostatic hypotension Reflex tachycardia GI irritation
46
BPH | Hypertension
``` Prazosin Doxazosin Terazosin Silodosin Tamsulosin most selective ``` A1 selective
47
Benefit of A1 selective
Less reflex tachycardia
48
``` Inverse agonist Angina prophylaxis Arrythmias Hypertension Hyperthyroidism Performance anxiety Migraine ```
Propanolol | Nonselective B
49
Masks symptoms of hypoglycemia in diabetics
B blockers
50
A and B blockade
Carvedilol | Labetalol
51
Intrinsic sympathomimetic activity
Partial agonist Less likely to cause bronchospasm Acebutolol Pindolol
52
No local anesthetic Activity | Glaucoma
Timolol | Betaxolol
53
Angina Heart failure Hypertension
Atenolol | Metoprolol
54
SVT Shortest half life Mask symptoms of hypoglycemia in diabetics
Esmolol
55
Inc outflow through canal of schlemm
Latanoprost
56
Inc outflow via uveoscleral veins
Epi
57
Opening of trabecular meshwork
Pilocarpine | Physostigmine
58
Dec secretion of aqueous humor
``` Timolol Mannitol Apraclonidine Acetazolamide Dorzolamide ```

Pharmacology (33 decks)

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