Autonomics Flashcards
(53 cards)
Peripheral Nervous System breaks down into 2 sections
Afferent (towards brain and CNS) and Efferent (away from CNS towards periphery)
Efferent PNS breaks down into two sections
Somatic (to skeletal muscle) and Autonomic (goes to smooth muscle)
Autonomic, Efferent PNS breaks down into two sections
Sympathetic and Parasympathetic
Skeletal Muscle is Voluntary or Involuntary
Voluntary
Smooth muscle is Voluntary or Involuntary
Involuntary
parasympathetic
cranial sacral
- long presynaptic fibers
- nicotine receptors
- Acetyl Choline
- Myocartonic Receptors
Sympathetic
Thoracic Lumbar
- short presynaptic fiber
- nicotinic receptors
- Norepinephrine
- Alpha or beta receptors
- 3 levels of synapse
Three ways the sympathetic chain can go
- Synapse at the same level as paravertebral ganglia
- down level, then synapse at the lower level
- level up, synapse at upper level, or bypass and synapse at prevertebral ganglion
6 general functions of the autonomic nervous system
- to preserve homeostasis, provoke rxns to to protect the individual
- Afferent impulses from the viscera elicit reflex responses (generally cannot be controlled voluntarily)
- Many fibers of the ANS are active maintaining a basal tone in most organs (ex: constriction of blood vessels)
- sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems are generally antagonistic with exceptions (salivary glands)
- Activation of sympathetic system is generally associated with defense mechanism (expenditure of energy, glycogenolysis, inc muscle tone)
- Activation of parasympathetic system is associated with conservative/restorative - decrease in BP and body temp.
All preganglionic fibers release
Acetyl Choline
neurotransmitter
What kind of receptor is found in all ganglia
Nicotinic
Norepinephrine to alpha beta receptors
Sympathetic
acetylcholine to muscarinic receptors
parasympathetic
Adrenergic Nerve - synthesis
Tyrosine
Dopa
Dopamine
Membrane depolarizes action potentials concerning what?
in adrenergic nerve
Ca2+
what is the receptor for neuronal uptake?
alpha II, found on post genetic fiber. It helps to uptake norepinephrine
Adrenoreceptor alpha 1 - target tissue
Vascular smooth muscle, skin, renal, and splanchnic. Gastrointestinal tract, sphincters. Bladder, sphincters. Radial muscle, iris.
Adrenoreceptor Alpha 1 - Mechanism of action
IP3, increase intracellular [Ca2+]
Adrenoreceptor alpha 2 - target receptor
Gastrointestinal tract, wall.
Presynaptic adrenergic neurons
Adrenoreceptor alpha 2 - mechanism in action
Inhibition of adenylyl cyclase, decreased cAMP
Adrenoreceptor beta 1 - target tissue
Heart
Salivary glands
Adipose tissue
Kidney
Adrenoreceptor beta 1 - mechanism in action
Stimulation of adenylyl cyclase, increased camp
Adrenoreceptor beta 2 - target tissue
Vascular smooth muscle or skeletal muscle
Gastrointestinal tract, wall
Bladder, wall
Bronchioles
Adrenoreceptor beta 2 - mechanism of action
Stimulation of adenylyl cyclase, increased camp
