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FTM2 > Autonomics > Flashcards

Autonomics Flashcards

1
Q

Adrenergic, noradrenergic definition

A

A nerve ending that releases norepinephrine as the primary transmitter, or a synpase where norepi is the primary transmitter

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2
Q

Adrenoceptor, adrenergic receptor

A

A receptor that binds and is activated by catecholamines-and related drugs

Norepi, epi, dopamine

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3
Q

Baroreceptor reflex

A

Homeostatic mechanism that maintains a constant mean arterial blood pressure

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4
Q

Cholinergic

A

Acetylcholine both releases or synapse as the primary NT

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5
Q

Cholinoceptor, cholinergic receptor

A

Receptor that binds to Acetycholine and related drugs

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6
Q

Dopaminergic

A

Dopamine is the primary NT

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7
Q

Nonadrenergic (NANC)

A

Nerve fibers associated with autonomic nerves that release ANY OTHER NT than ACTH/Norepinephrine

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8
Q

Sympathetic Nervous system

A

Origin: TI-L2: Thoracolumbar region-Lateral horn
Short cholinergic pre-Long adrenergic Post
Ganglia located near CNS
Ratio of pre to post fibers: 1:20
Primary NT of postganglionic neurons is:NorEpi

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9
Q

Muscarinic Receptors of the PNS

M1, M3, M5

A

Activated by ACh
Leads to activation of Gq protein
PIP2–> IP3, DAG
DAG–>increase protein kinase C
IP3–> releases Ca2+ and leads to cellular contraction

Phospholipase C pathway

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10
Q

Muscarinic Receptors of the PNS

M2, M4

A

Activation of Gi protein by ACh.
Decrease in adenyl cyclase
Decrease in cAMP levels
Leads to hyperpolarization d/t opening of K+ channels

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11
Q

Sweat Gland exception

A

Uses M3 receptor from sympathetic innervation

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12
Q

Renal Vascular Tissue Exception

A

Uses dopaminergic-1 receptors (sympathetic)

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13
Q

Adrenal Medulla Exception

A

No post-ganglionic innervation
Pre-Ganglionic sympathetic axons synapse on chromaffin cells

Clinical Correlate: Pheochromocytoma-abnormal amts of chromaffin cells. Can lead to Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia or Von Hippel Lindau

MEN Syndrome/ VHL

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14
Q

What does ingestion of Oragnophosphate Compounds do?

Insecticides

A

Irreversibly inhibit Acetycholinesterase
Muscarinic: diarrhea, urination, miosis (pin point)
Nicotinic: skeletal muscle paralysis
CNS effects: lethary, seizures, coma, RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION

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15
Q

Organization of PNS- sensory

A
  1. Sensory neurons arise principally in the skin or joints.
  2. Cell bodies and nuclei in the dorsal root ganglia and project onto neurons in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord
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16
Q

M2 Location, function/effect/signal mechanism

A

Location: HEART mainly in the atria
Function: decrease HR/contractility of atria
Gi-protein: decrease cAMP

Example: stimulation of the vagus nerve to the heart slows HR and conduction

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17
Q

Alpha 1 receptor: Location, function/effect/signal mechanism

Vascular Smooth Muscle

A

Function/Effect: smooth muscle contraction
Gq-protein: Increase IP3/DAG/Ca2+

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18
Q

Alpha 1 receptor: Function/effect/signal mechanism

EYE

A

Dilator pupillae muscle
Function: Pupillary dilation
Gq-protein: Increase IP3/DAG/Ca2+

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19
Q

Alpha 1 receptor: Function/effect/signal mechanism

Intestine and bladder

A

Instestinal and bladder sphincter contraction
Gq-protein: Increase IP3/DAG/Ca2+

20
Q

Alpha 1 receptor: Function/effect/signal mechanism

Arrector pili muscle of skin

A

Piloerection
Gq-protein: Increase IP3/DAG/Ca2+

21
Q

Beta-1 Receptors Location/Function/Signal mechanism

Heart

A

Effect: Increase HR/ Contractility
Gs protein: increase cAMP

22
Q

Beta-1 Receptors Location/Function/Signal mechanism

Kidney (Juxtagolemerular Cells)

A

Increase Renin Release
Gs protein: increase cAMP

23
Q

Beta-1 Receptors Location/Function/Signal mechanism

Adipocytes

A

Increase Lipolysis
Gs protein: increase cAMP

24
Q

Beta-1 Receptors Location/Function/Signal mechanism

Ciliary Epithelium

A

Increase aqeuous humor production
Gs protein: increase cAMP

25
Beta 2-receptors: Function/Signal mechanism | Bronchial Smooth Muscle
Bronchial dilation G**s** protein: increase cAMP
26
Beta 2-receptors: Function/Signal mechanism | Blood vessels of skeletal muscles
Vasodilation G**s** protein: increase cAMP
27
Beta 2-receptors: Function/Signal mechanism | Uterine smooth muscle (myometrium)
**Decrease** in uterine tone G**s** protein: increase cAMP
28
Beta 2-receptors: Function/Signal mechanism | Ciliary Epithelium
**Increase** Aqueous Humor production G**s** protein: increase cAMP
29
Beta 3 receptor: Function/Signal Mechanism | Brown Adipose Tissue
Thermogenesis: Lipolysis G**s** protein: increase cAMP
30
Alpha 2-receptors: Function/Signal Mechanism | Presynaptic Nerve Terminal (neurons)
**Decrease** NE release G**I** protein: Decrease cAMP
31
Alpha 2 receptor: Function/Signal Mechanism | Pancreatic B-cells
**Decrease** insulin release G**I**: decrease cAMP
32
M3: Function/Signal Mechanism | Exocrine glands
Function: **increase** gland secretions (lacrimal, sweat, salivary, gastric acid) G**q**-protein: Increase IP3/DAG/Ca2+
33
M3: Function/Signal Mechanism | Pancreatic B Cells
**Increase** insulin release G**q**-protein: Increase IP3/DAG/Ca2+
34
M3: Function/Signal Mechanism | GI Smooth Muscle
**Increase** peristalsis G**q**-protein: Increase IP3/DAG/Ca2+
35
M3: Function/Signal Mechanism | Detrusor Muscle
**Increase** bladder contraction G**q**-protein: Increase IP3/DAG/Ca2+
36
M3: Function/Signal Mechanism | EYE: pupillary sphincter muscle, ciliary muscle
Pupillary constrction and accomodation G**q**-protein: Increase IP3/DAG/Ca2+
37
M3: Function/Signal Mechanism | Bronchial Smooth Muscle
Bronchial **Constriction** G**q**-protein: Increase IP3/DAG/Ca2+
38
M3: Function/Signal Mechanism | Endothelial Cells
Endothelium NO-mediated vasoldilation G**q**-protein: Increase IP3/DAG/Ca2+
39
M1: function/signal mechanism | Brain (neurons)
Higher cognitive functions G**q**-protein: Increase IP3/DAG/Ca2+
40
M1: function/signal mechanism | Autonomic ganglia (neurons)
Stimulates enteric nervous system G**q**-protein: Increase IP3/DAG/Ca2+
41
Effector Organ/ Predominant Tone/Effect if predominate tone lost | Blood Vessels
**Sympathetic** IF LOST: Hypotension
42
Effector Organ/ Predominant Tone/Effect if predominate tone lost | Heart SA node
**Parasympathetic** IF LOST: Increase HR
43
Effector Organ/ Predominant Tone/Effect if predominate tone lost | Heart Ventricles
**Sympathetic** IF LOST: Decrease contractility
44
Effector Organ/ Predominant Tone/Effect if predominate tone lost | GI tract
**Parasympathetic** IF LOST: Decrease motility/secretions
45
Effector Organ/ Predominant Tone/Effect if predominate tone lost | Iris of the Eye
**Parasympathetic** IF LOST: Dilated pupil (mydriasis)

FTM2 (10 decks)

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