Autumn term 1 Mr Reid

Question 1

What is measured in Hertz?

Answer 1

Clock cycles per second

Question 2

A standard desktop computer has a Gigahertz of…

Answer 2

336

Question 3

A one gigahertz processor…

Answer 3

executes 1 billion instructions per second

Question 4

What is the technical name for simultaneous processing in multi-core computers?

Answer 4

concurrent processing

Question 5

What is threading?

Answer 5

process where dif cores work on the same problem by splitting instructions

Question 6

What is cache?

Answer 6

very small+fast memory
intermediatry between processor+RAM

Question 7

What is the internet?

Answer 7

the physical components that make up a network of networks

Question 8

What is the longest section of the FDE cycle?

Answer 8

fetch

Question 9

what happens in the Decode section of the FDE cycle?

Answer 9

CU decodes instructions from CR

Question 10

what happens in the Execute section of the FDE cycle?

Answer 10

Execute the instruction

Question 11

what happens in the fetch section of the FDE cycle?

Answer 11

-PC holds address of next operation
-copy contents of PC to MAR
-Increment PC
-Load instructions/data pointed to by MAR to MDR

Question 12

How is the internet differnet from the WWW?

Answer 12

The WWW is the software that runs on the internet, eg websites

Question 13

What is an IP address?

Answer 13

A unique address that each computer has in order to communicate.

Question 14

What version of IP addresses are we currently using?

Answer 14

Currently we’re using IP v4, which is four sets of 3 digit numbers up to 225)

Question 15

Why are v4 IP addresses “running out”?

Answer 15

Many big companies have bought too many addresses but not sold them.

Question 16

What are the four different registers?

Answer 16

PC, MAR,MDR,CIR

Question 17

What does PC stand for?

Answer 17

Program Counter

Question 18

What does MAR stand for?

Answer 18

Memory Address Register

Question 19

What does MDR stand for?

Answer 19

Memory Data Register

Question 20

What does CIR stand for?

Answer 20

Current Instruction Register

Question 21

What does ALU stand for?

Answer 21

Arithmetic Logic Unit

Question 22

What does ACC stand for?

Answer 22

Accumulator

Question 23

What does the PC do?

Answer 23

stores the address of the next instruction

Question 24

What does the MAR do?

Answer 24

stores the address of the data/instruction that has been found

Question 25

empty card

Answer 25

ignore it i'll delete it at some point

Question 26

What does the CIR do?

Answer 26

Holds the result of calculations

Question 27

What does the ACC do?

Answer 27

holds the result of calculations from the ALU

Question 28

What does the CU do?

Answer 28

Synchronises the other components. The only component that can decode instructions

Question 29

what does URL stand for?

Answer 29

universal resource locator

Question 30

what does DNS stand for?

Answer 30

Domain name system

Question 31

What does DNS technology do?

Answer 31

translates URLS to IP addresses

Question 32

What is Moore's law?

Answer 32

Every two years, computational power doubles

Question 33

What are the different factors affecting network performance?

Answer 33

Bandwidth, latency, error rate,

Question 34

what does latency mean?

Answer 34

latency is the amount of time a message takes to traverse a system, sometimes measured as the time taken for a data packet to be returned to sender, and sometimes from a to b

Question 35

what does bandwidth mean?

Answer 35

The amount of data that can be transmitted in a fixed amount of time. Usually expressed in bits/bytes per second

Question 36

What is error rate?

Answer 36

The degree of error encountered during a data transmission over a communication of data correction.

Question 37

What is hosting?

Answer 37

network hosts are computers which may offer services, resources + apps to users. to have a website you need a host

Question 38

What is a peer to peer network?

Answer 38

all equal status Each can act as client and server. All request+provide services

Question 39

What is a server network?

Answer 39

network w/ a central server all clients request services from it need additional hardware

Question 40

What do LAN and WAN stand for

Answer 40

Local/Wide Area Network

Question 41

What is a LAN?

Answer 41

A network where computers are connected together over a small geographical ara such as a single building or site. It uses your own infrastructure

Question 42

What is a WAN?

Answer 42

A network where computers are connected over a large geographical area. This could be several buildings/sites, townwide, countywide or even countrywide. Uses other people's infrastructure

Question 43

Give some examples of LANs

Answer 43

School network, home network, network in a shop

Question 44

Give an examples of a WAN

Answer 44

The Internet

Question 45

What is topology?

Answer 45

the network's 'shape'-how computers are connected.

Question 46

What are the advantages of a star topology?

Answer 46

-Each machine can share resources, such as printers, servers, routers, etc. -if one member fails the network still works.

Question 47

What are the disadvantages of a star topology?

Answer 47

extra equipment/cabling is expensieve if the main computer fails, they all fail

Question 48

What are the advantages of a mesh topology?

Answer 48

very quick to set up usually uses wifi technology can add or remove machines with ease great for ad hoc networks usually peer-to-peer

Question 49

What are the disadvantages of a mesh topology?

Answer 49

not very secure more stations, slower network- could crash

Question 50

What is encryption?

Answer 50

a method of scrmabling data to produce data that makes no sebse without access to the key.

Question 51

Why is encryption used?

Answer 51

on an open or public wifi network, data can be intercepted. if encryption is used, intercepted data will have no meaning.

Question 52

What is the difference between encryption and coding?

Answer 52

coding is merely shortening the amount of data, which encryption is making the data unreadable.

Question 53

What is the encryption method used when using a secure site, eg amazon/your bank/etc?

Answer 53

SSL- secure socket layer