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Grade 9 Art > AVI101 Exam > Flashcards

AVI101 Exam Flashcards

1
Q

What is the element of line?

A

Line is a marking having length but little width

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2
Q

What is the most fundamental element?

A

Line

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3
Q

What are the two types of line?

A

Organic Line - free flowing, natural lines

Geometric - lines drawn with a ruler or other instrument

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4
Q

What is the hue of a colour?

A

The name of it

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5
Q

What is the value of a colour?

A

The degree of light and dark

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6
Q

What is the intensity of a colour?

A

The brilliance of a colour; how much black or white is added to it

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7
Q

What are the three families of colour?

A

Primary (red, yellow, blue), secondary (green, purple, orange), tertiary - the colours in between (turquoise, burgundy, etc.)

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8
Q

What is texture?

A

Texture refers to the surface quality of objects and appeals to our sense of touch

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9
Q

What are the two types of texture?

A
  1. Tactile - texture that can actually be touched or felt

2. Visual - when artists create the impression or illusion of texture of a flat surface

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10
Q

What are the two types of space?

A
  1. Three-dimensional (3D - Sculpture etc.)

2. Two-dimensional (2D - Drawings and paintings)

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11
Q

How does an artist create the illusion of space in work?

A

Through overlapping, size reduction, atmospheric perspective (bluish hue), using less detail in the distance, and placement on a page.

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12
Q

What is the principle of balance?

A

How the elements are arranged and combined on a page so that there is a visual balance or stability to the work

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13
Q

How many types of balance are there?

A

3: Symmetrical, Asymmetrical, Radial

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14
Q

What is symmetrical balance?

A

When images are similarly balanced on both sides of an imaginary line in the center of the page (mirror image)

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15
Q

What is asymmetrical balance?

A

When images are not identical but are equally weighted on both sides by unlike objects

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16
Q

What is radial balance?

A

When the image radiates out from the centre or there is a circular motion throughout the image, like petals on a flower or spokes of a wheel

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17
Q

What is the principle of rhythm?

A

The repetition of the elements to encourage movement

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18
Q

What are the three types of rhythm?

A
  1. Progressive
  2. Static
  3. Cyclical
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19
Q

What is the principle of variety?

A

Unlike objects or colours that are placed together to form an uneasy balance

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20
Q

Variety is the exact opposite of _____

A

Unity

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21
Q

What is the principle of unity?

A

The harmony of all parts to make a unified whole, which can be achieved through repetition of elements or through dominance (where one figure dominated the composition, such as in a portrait)

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22
Q

When/where can the principle of movement be created?

A

When the eye is forced to move around the picture dynamically in order to see all the different elements

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23
Q

What is the element of value?

A

Value or “tone” is the darkness or lightness of a color and can be measured through the use of a value scale

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24
Q

What are lighter values referred to as?

A

Tints

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25
Q

What are darker values referred to as?

A

Shades

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26
Q

List some shading techniques for drawing.

A

Hatching (lines closer together or farther apart), cross-hatching (crossing lines), stippling (dots), and stumping (basic shading)

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27
Q

What is “bisquing” in terms of sculpting clay?

A

The first firing - no glaze

28
Q

What is “slipping” in terms of sculpting? What is slipping used for?

A

Clay suspended in water to create a paste.

It is used to join two pieces of clay

29
Q

What is “scoring” in terms of sculpting?

A

Roughing up the surface of clay in preparation of joining two pieces of clay together

30
Q

Why do people create art?

A

Artists paint, sculpt, photograph, and draw important people and events as a way to pay tribute or to express their feelings and opinions about an important person or event

31
Q

What are the three periods of Prehistoric Art?

A
  1. Paleolithic (old stone age)
  2. Mesolithic (middle stone age)
  3. Neolithic (new stone age)
32
Q

What were the pigments of cave paintings made out of?

A

Black = charcoal
White = chalk
Red, brown, yellows, orange = clay

33
Q

How were brushes made?

A

By chewing the ends of green sticks to fray them, and by chewing charcoal and spitting it out as fine spray lines

34
Q

What were the small fetish figures made out of?

A

Ivory, bone, antlers and stone

35
Q

What are the small prehistoric rock sculptures called?

A

Fetish figures

36
Q

What are the fetish figures believe to be designed/used for?

A

To give those who owned them some kind of power over their spirits of the figures they represented

37
Q

What are the female fetish figures represented for?

A

A desire to become pregnant

38
Q

Where are the three main locations for where cave paintings were found?

A
  1. The caves of Lascaux (France)
  2. The caves of La Madeleine (France)
  3. Altamira (Spain)
39
Q

From what period of prehistoric history was the Egyptian empire born?

A

The Neolithic Period, when farmers learned to live with the seasonal changes of the Nile River around 4000 B.C.E.

40
Q

List the 8 canons of Egyptian painting.

A
  1. The more important a person was, the larger they were depicted
  2. Men are depicted with darker skin than women
  3. Faces, arms, legs, hands, and feet are shown in profile
  4. Eyes (usually single eye) and chest are frontal
  5. No mathematical perspective attempted
  6. Little or no overlapping
  7. Spaces are divided into horizontal bands (like comic strips)
  8. The left foot is forward on standing figures
41
Q

List the 5 characteristics of Egyptian sculpture.

A
  1. They were blocky and stiff. Ankles, knees and other joints were blocky, with hips being parallel to their shoulders
  2. In standing figures, the left leg was always forward
  3. Hands are always shown clenched at their sides, in men
  4. The negative space is left attached, not cut out
  5. They were often painted to enhance realism
42
Q

How did the Egyptian depict animals?

A
  • Concerned with realism only with animals
  • Took great care in showing animals as they really looked
  • Painted areas were usually solid and flat
43
Q

What was an Egyptian word for a sculptor?

A

‘He-who-keeps-alive’

44
Q

What are the three periods of Greek Art?

A

Archaic
Classical
Hellenistic

45
Q

Name the 5 Egyptian influences of free standing sculptures.

A
  1. Stiff position
  2. Block shape
  3. Poor understanding of anatomy
  4. Left foot forward
  5. Clenched fists
46
Q

Name the 5 new Greek innovations of free standing sculptures.

A
  1. Nude male figure
  2. Diaphragm rendered
  3. Archaic smile
  4. Negative space between legs, arms and body are cut out
  5. Anatomy attempted
47
Q

Were all sculpture originally painted in Archaic sculpture?

A

Yes

48
Q

What were Archaic sculptures painted for?

A

To heighten realism

49
Q

What were archaic sculptures mainly used for?

A

As ornament for temples

50
Q

What was introduced within the Classical Greek art era?

A

A nude female

51
Q

What is contrapposto?

A

When the body describes an ‘S’ curve

52
Q

In the Hellenistic era, how did artists advance sculptures from the Classical era?

A

Perfection of sculpture-in-the-round, study of draping, effects of transparency of clothing, suppleness of poses

53
Q

What is the post-and-lintel system made up of?

A

Columns, which are large upright posts, with a roof, or architrave, over the top

54
Q

The Western civilization can trace its roots to what?

A

Classical Greece and Rome

55
Q

List the three main Greek architectural orders.

A

Doric
Ionic
Corinthian

56
Q

Describe the Doric order.

A
  • Oldest and most simple order
  • Least decorated
  • Believed to be evolved from wooden buildings
57
Q

Describe the Ionic order.

A
  • More decorative than the Doric
  • Columns are taller and thinner
  • Capitals at the top of columns are decorated with scrolls and other patterns
  • Bases of the columns are decorated
58
Q

Describe the Corinthian order.

A
  • A lot like the Ionic order
  • Capitals are even more deciorated
    • Usually with leaves and floral patterns (acanthus
      leaves)
59
Q

What are the capitals of columns?

A
  • The defining element of each order
60
Q

What are the entablures of columns?

A
  • Moldings and bands which lie horizontally above columns

- Major elements of classical architecture

61
Q

The entablures of columns are commonly divided into three parts. What are they?

A

Architrave
Frieze
Cornize

62
Q

What are the pediments of columns?

A
  • Placed above the horizontal structure of the entrablure
  • Supported by columns
  • Tympanum often decorated with relief sculpture
    • Scences from Greek and Roman mythology figures
63
Q

Who created the totem poles in Canada?

A

By the Northwest Coast Aboriginal peoples

64
Q

What to totem poles signify?

A

As a signboard, genealogical record or memorial

65
Q

What are totem poles carved of?

A

Red cedar

66
Q

Name some of the colours used to paint totem poles.

A

Black, red, blue, (sometimes) white, yellow

Grade 9 Art (1 decks)

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