Avian Anatomy

Question 1

– chemical processes which occur in a living organism and are
necessary for the maintenance of life, such as turning oxygen into carbon
dioxide

Answer 1

Metabolism

Question 2

Avian Heart

Pumps blood throughout the body using blood_____

Answer 2

vessels

Question 3

Is _____________ chambered, consisting of two atria and two

ventricles

Answer 3

4

Question 4

Avian Blood Vessels

_____________: carry blood away from the heart

Answer 4

arteries

Question 5

Avian Blood Vessels

___ carry blood back to the heart

Answer 5

veins

Question 6

Major Avian Arteries

carotids:

Answer 6

carry blood to the head and brain

Question 7

Major Avian Arteries

_____________: deliver blood to the wings

Answer 7

brachialis

Question 8

Major Avian Arteries

pectorals:

Answer 8

take blood to the flight muscles

Question 9

Major Avian Arteries

transports blood everywhere except the lungs

Answer 9

systemic

Question 10

Major Avian Arteries

pulmonary:

Answer 10

pulmonary: brings blood to the lungs

Question 11

Major Avian Veins

takes blood away from the wings

Answer 11

brachialis

Question 12

Major Avian Veins

carries blood away from the head and brain

Answer 12

jugular

Question 13

Major Avian Veins

brings blood away from the back of the body

Answer 13

inferior vena cava

Question 14

Major Avian Veins

brings blood away from the front of the body

Answer 14

superior vena cava

Question 15

The Digestive System

Takes in food, breaks it down into nutrients and the nutrients are absorbed in the _____________

Answer 15

blood stream

Question 16

The Esophagus

Connects the mouth to the _____________

Answer 16

stomach

Question 17

____- a pouch found in the esophagus of many birds which stores food for
later digestion or regurgitation for offspring

Answer 17

CROP

Question 18

The Stomach
_____________: glandular part of the stomach where food is
partially digested

Answer 18

proventriculus

Question 19

The Stomach
_____________: muscular portion of the stomach which grinds
food, often with the help of ingested stones or grit

Answer 19

GIZZARD

Question 20

The Small Intestine _____________ in herbivorous birds

Answer 20

longer

Question 21

The small intestine is ____ in carnivorous birds

Answer 21

shorter

Question 22

The Large Intestine

• Is also known as the _____________

Answer 22

colon

Question 23

Connects to the _____________, where all waste products meet to exit the body

Answer 23

colaca

Question 24

The Endocrine System

• Consists of glands and hormones which _____________ growth,development, reproduction and behavior

Answer 24

regulate

Question 25

The Adrenal Glands | • Are located on top of each _____________

Answer 25

kidney

Question 26

_____________: regulates salt and water balance in the body

Answer 26

aldosterone

Question 27

controls carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolism

Answer 27

cortisol

Question 28

The Pancreas • _____________ acids found in the mixture of food passed from the stomach

Answer 28

neutralizes

Question 29

The Pancreas | • Produces insulin which breaks down _____________ and other nutrients in the body

Answer 29

glucose

Question 30

The Pituitary Gland | • Is located on the base of the _____________

Answer 30

brain

Question 31

The Thyroid Gland | • Is located at the base of the _____________

Answer 31

neck

Question 32

Regulates how fast a bird _____________ energy or makes proteins

Answer 32

burns

Question 33

The Excretory System • Controls the amount of _____________ in the body • Removes metabolic wastes

Answer 33

water

Question 34

The Kidneys | • _____________ waste products out of blood

Answer 34

filiters

Question 35

The Urethra-rids of waste | • Is a _____________ tube used for excreting wastes

Answer 35

hollow

Question 36

The Immune System | • Identifies and kills _____________

Answer 36

Pathogen – any disease causing agent, such as a virus or bacteria

Question 37

The Adaptive Immune System • Attacks specific threats to the body • Plans different defenses for various invaders • Works with the innate _____________ system in order to prevent attacks and memorize how to kill the pathogens

Answer 37

immune

Question 38

The Integumentary System | • Includes _____________, feathers and claws

Answer 38

skin

Question 39

_____________: outermost layer of skin

Answer 39

epidermis

Question 40

_______: connective tissue which provides the body with

Answer 40

dermis

Question 41

_____________ _____: provides insulation and nutrient storage

Answer 41

subcutaneous tissue

Question 42

_____________ _____: provides insulation and nutrient storage

Answer 42

subcutaneous tissue

Question 43

_____ Provide insulation for a bird

Answer 43

feathers