Avionics

Question 1

How does a conventional altimeter derive height info?

Answer 1

Aneroid Capsule calibrated to 1013.2hPa then compares to measured pressure.

Question 2

What is the purpose of an ADC?

Answer 2

Turn analogue info into digital format. (Analogue info from Pitot-Static, via Transducer into A-D Convertor)

Question 3

What does the [first] red line on a light twin engine aircraft ASI indicate?

Answer 3

VMCA (Other one is VNE)

Question 4

Gyroscopic Instruments are usually powered by one of two means, what are they?

Answer 4

Vacuum or DC Power

Question 5

What principle does the RAD ALT use to measure height?

Answer 5

PingPong/2. (Radar)

Question 6

How does the analogue output from a sensor find its way onto an electronic flight instr?

Answer 6

Transducer -> A-D Converter -> Databus -> Processor -> Display

Question 7

Wat does an AHRS do?

Answer 7

Attitude and Heading Ref System. (Compiles data from sensors to determine att and hdg)

Question 8

What are you likely to find at the bottom of the alt tape

Answer 8

Pressure SEtting

Question 9

How is data feed failure to a particular instrument typically indicated (on an EFIS)?

Answer 9

Red X

Question 10

In the event of PFD falure, what initial course of action is likely to be open to you?

Answer 10

Switch to MFD

Question 11

What must a standby instrument installation include to ensure it is not compromised by the same failure affecting the PFD/MFD installation?

Answer 11

Sep Power and Data Feed

Question 12

What is the primary function of an FMS?

Answer 12

Enable PBN. 4D Area Nav via most economical route

Question 13

What is an IRS?

Answer 13

Inertial Ref System. Uses gyros and accelerometers to calc displacement from known start location

Question 14

What is the purpose of the scratch pad on FMS CDU?

Answer 14

Edit area/ info

Question 15

What two types of FMS database?

Answer 15

Performance and Navigation

Question 16

How does the FMS use Radio Nav Aids?

Answer 16

Automatically selects, tunes and idents the best radio nav aids

Question 17

What is RNAV?

Answer 17

Area Nav. Nav b/w any two points on the globe - reduces congestion

Question 18

What does VNAV seek to achieve?

Answer 18

Predict and optimize vertical path of ac

Question 19

What HF issues can arise from increased automation>

Answer 19

skill loss, complacency

Question 20

What component provides the point of ref for an autopilot?

Answer 20

Gyro Sensors

Question 21

What additional systems can be integrated with an autopilot to make a modern AFCS

Answer 21

Auto Throttle,. EFIS, AHARS, Nav Sensors (FMS)

Question 22

What are the two main modes an AFCS can operate in>

Answer 22

Guidance and Control

Question 23

What is purpose of flight director?

Answer 23

Guidance Sys giving bug based on inputted info

Question 24

What inputs/ info does an auto throttle thrust management computer use/ need?

Answer 24

AC Sensors, ADC, Eng Sensors, Eng Bleed, MEP, AHRS, GPS

Question 25

Wat is an ac upset?

Answer 25

Dangerous situation/ unusual pos that could result in abnormal conditions

Question 26

How could you minimize the risk of HF exacerbating an ac upset situation?

Answer 26

Upset Trg

Question 27

What does GNSS provide?

Answer 27

Accurate location (3D) and time (4D)

Question 28

How is position fixing achieved in GNSS?

Answer 28

Trilateration

Question 29

What are the three main causes of GNSS position error?

Answer 29

Atmospheric Disturbance, Orbital Perturbations/ Errors, Multi Pathing

Question 30

What is the purpose of RAIM?

Answer 30

Satellite Integrity Check (provides confidence of GPS integrity)

Question 31

How does SBAS work?

Answer 31

Regional basis, surveyed Ground Station, sat and AC compare DeltaZ to measure GPS inaccuracy

Question 32

What is a datum?

Answer 32

Fixed known ref point for cartography measurements

Question 33

How could you speed up time to first fix?

Answer 33

Tell it where you are

Question 34

In weather mode, what will the radar mainly see?

Answer 34

Water Droplets

Question 35

What principle does TURB mode use to detect turbulence? (Airborne Wx Radar)

Answer 35

Doppler

Question 36

In a manual system what is the main control that you might need to adjust during climb-out?

Answer 36

Tilt

Question 37

When shouldn't the AWR be set to transmit?

Answer 37

On ground (esp near people)

Question 38

What ac system does TCAS use to sense other ac?

Answer 38

Transponder

Question 39

What are the two categories of TCAS Alert?

Answer 39

Traffic Adv (TA), Resolution Adv (RA)

Question 40

How do two TCAS II ac talk to eachother>?

Answer 40

Mode S Datalink

Question 41

TCAS Symbol for intruder ac?

Answer 41

Yellow Circle

Question 42

What protection does TCAS II Sys offfer against non-TCAS ac with Mode A only ATC Transponder?

Answer 42

Shows ac position with no height info

Question 43

Response to TCAS RA?

Answer 43

Immediate evasive action, tell ATC "C/S, TCAS RA..."

Question 44

What radio call should be made when reacting to TCAS RA?

Answer 44

"C/S, TCAS RA"

Question 45

What are the g limits for responding to TCAS RA?

Answer 45

0.25g for initial RA-> 0.35g for subséquent RAs

Question 46

What is the most likely CFIT scenario?

Answer 46

Landing Short

Question 47

How does the EGPWS provide predictive terrain caution and warnings?

Answer 47

Incl GPS input, compares to your position

Question 48

What does Terrain Clearance Floor function of EGPWS provide?

Answer 48

Protection in landing phase

Question 49

What does a hard TAWS warning imply?

Answer 49

AC in dangerous situation, immediate action required.

Question 50

What does you do in the event of a "PULL UP" warning?

Answer 50

Full Power, Pull Up to Stall, Disconnect AutoP, Leave Flap, Leave Gear