AWS Billing & Pricing Flashcards
3 Fundamentals of AWS Pricing
Compute - paying for amount of time your compute instance is running
Storage - paying for amount of data your storing
Out-bound Data Transfer - paying for data going out of AWS, but not going in AWS
Pricing Model:
On-demand
used for compute and database capacity
no long-term commitments or upfront payments
Pricing Model:
Dedicated Instances
available for Amazon EC2
hardware is dedicated to a single customer
Pricing Model:
Spot Instances
purchase spare capacity with no commitments
great discounts from hourly rates
Pricing Model:
Reservations
up to 75% discount in exchange for a term commitment
Options for 1 or 3 year terms
Options to Pay: No upfront, partial upfront, all upfront
Available for services: EC2 Reserved Instances; DynamoDB Reserved Capacity; ElastiCache Reserved Nodes; Relational Database Service (RDS) Reserved Instances; RedShift Reserved Nodes
Free Stuff
- Amazon Virtual Private Cloud (VPC)
- Elastic Beanstalk (but not the resources created)
- CloudFormation (but not the resources created)
- Identity Access Management (IAM)
- Auto Scaling (but not the resources created)
- Consolidated Billing
Compute Pricing Model:
Amazon EC2 On-demand
you pay for compute or database capacity with no long-term commitments or upfront payments
recommended for user who prefer low cost and flexibility w/o upfront payment or long-term commitments
good for applications with short-term, spiky, or unpredictable workloads that cannot be interrupted
you pay for compute capacity per hour or per second (per second is linux only) and applies to On-Demand, Reserved and Spot instances)
Compute Pricing Model:
Amazon EC2 Reserved Instances
provide significant discounts, up to 75% off compared to On-Demand pricing, by paying for capacity ahead of time
provide a capacity reservation when applied to a specific Availability Zone
Good for applications that have predictable usage, that need reserved capacity, and for customers who can commit to a 1 or 3-year term
Compute Pricing Model:
Amazon EC2 Spot Instances
purchase spare computing capacity with no upfront commitment at discounted hourly rates
provides up to 90% off the On-Demand price
recommended for applications that have flexible start/end times, applications that are only feasible at very low compute prices, and users with urgent computing needs for a lot of additional capacity
in the old model spot instances were terminated because of higher competing bids, in the new model this does not happen but instances still may be terminated (with a 2 minute warning) when EC2 needs the capacity back - note: the exam may not be updated to reflect this yet
Compute Pricing Model:
Amazon EC2 Dedicated Hosts
EC2 server dedicated to a single server
runs in your VPC
good for when you want to leverage existing server-bound software licenses such as Windows Server, SQL, Server, and SUSE Linux Enterprise Server
also good for meeting compliance requirements
you pay per host, unlike Dedicated Instances, where you pay per instance
Compute Pricing Model:
Amazon EC2 Dedicated Instances
Amazon EC2 instances that run in a VPC on hardware that’s dedicated to a single customer
physically isolated at the host hardware level from instances that belong to other AWS accounts
may share hardware w/ other instances from the same AWS account that are not dedicated instances
Compute Pricing Model:
AWS Lambda Pricing
Requests - 1M requests free; $0.20 per 1M requests thereafter
Duration: 400,000 GS-seconds per month free; $0.0000167 GS-second used thereafter
pay only for what you use
charged based on the number of requests for functions and the time it takes to execute the code
price is dependent on the amount of memory allocated to the function
Compute Pricing Model:
Amazon ECS Pricing
with EC2 launch type you pay for the compute instances in your cluster
with Fargate launch type you pay for the vCPU and memory resources that your containerized application requests
Types of Reserved Instance:
Standard
some attributes, such as instance size, can be modified during the term
instance family cannot be modified
you cannot exchange a Standard Reserved Instance, only modify it
Can be sold in the Reserved Instance Marketplace
Types of Reserved Instance:
Convertible
can be exchanged during the term for another Convertible Reserved Instance with new attributed including instance family, instance type, platform, scope, or tenancy
cannot be sold in the Reserved Instance Marketplace
Types of Reserved Instance:
Scheduled
Enable you to purchase capacity reservations that recur on a daily, weekly, or monthly basis, with a specified start time and duration, for a one-year term
you reserved the capacity in advance, so that you know it is available when you need it
you pay for the time that the instances or scheduled, even if you do not use them
Savings Plans
flexible pricing model that offer low prices on EC2, Lambda, and Fargate usage
Commit to a consistent amount of usage (measured in $/hr) for 1 or 3 year term
Compute Savings Plan:
provides the most flexibility and helps to reduce costs by up to 66%
Apply to EC2 instance usage regardless of instance family, size, AZ, region, OS or tenancy, and also apply to Fargate or Lambda usage
EC2 Instance Savings Plans:
Provide the lowest prices, with savings up to 72%
commit to usage of individual instance families in a region
can change your usage between instances within a family in that region
Storage Pricing:
Amazon S3
storage - pricing per class, eg Standard or IA
storage quantity - data volume stored in your buckets on a per GB basis
number of requests - the number and type of requests, eg GET, PUT, POST, LIST, COPY
lifecycle transitions requests - moving data between storage classes
data transfer - data transferred out of an S3 region is charged
transfer acceleration
storage management pricing for some additional features
Storage Pricing:
Amazon S3 Glacier
extremely low cost and you pay only for what you need with no commitments of upfront fees
charged for requests and data transferred out of Glacier
“Amazon Glacier Select” pricing allows queries to run directly on data stored on Glacier w/o having to retrieve the archive. Priced on amount of data scanned, returned, and number of requests initiated
3 options for access to archives:
Expedited - 1-5 min
Standard - 3-5 hours
Bulk - 5-12 hours
Storage Pricing:
Elastic Block Storage (EBS)
volumes - volume storage for all EBS volumes type is charged by the amount of GB provisioned (not used) per month
Snapshots - based on the amount of space consumed by snapshots in S3. Copying snapshots is charged on the amount of data copied across regions
Data transfer - inbound data transfer is free, outbound data transfer charges are tiered
Storage Pricing:
Elastic File System (EFS)
Storage classes (2)
- standard
- infrequent access storage (EFS IA), which is cheaper
pay for the amount of storage you use
lower cost of EFS IA
EFS Provisioned throughput
Networking Pricing:
Virtual Private Cloud (VPC)
VPC itself is free, however what is chargeable are: AWS Site-Site VPN connection; AWS PrivateLink; Amazon VPC Traffic Mirroring; NAT Gateways
Networking Pricing:
AWS Direct Connect
pay for port hours
outbound data transfer (1 Gig or 10 Gig)
Database Pricing:
Amazon RDS
runs on EC2 instances
clock hours of server uptime - amount of time the DB instance is running
Database engine, instance size and memory
Database purchase type - eg On-Demand, Reserved
Provisioned storage - backup is included up to 100% of the size of the DB (database)
Requests - the number of input and output requests to the DB
Deployment type - single AZ or multi-AZ
Data transfer - inbound is free, outbound data transfer costs are tiered