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ANATOMY > Axial Musculature > Flashcards

Axial Musculature Flashcards

(72 cards)

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1
Q

What type of tissue adds to muscles

A

Connective tissues

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2
Q

Endomysium

A

Wraps cell

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3
Q

Perimysium

A

Wraps fascicle- bundle of fiber

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4
Q

Epimysium

A

Wraps muscle

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5
Q

Fascia

A

Wraps muscle group

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6
Q

Fascicle and muscles shape

A

7 types
Strength of a muscle and the direction of its pull are partly determined by the orientation of its fascicles

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7
Q

Parallel muscles

A

Uninform width, fascicles aligned with all of them in a the same direction

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8
Q

Fusiform muscles

A

Thick in the middle, tapered at the ends like biceps

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9
Q

Triangular muscles

A

Broad at one end and narrow at the other end

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9
Q

Muscles groups and compartments

A

Compartments are enclosed by fascia which wraps around muscles to create the intermuscular septa

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10
Q

Pennate muscles 3 kind

A

Feather-shaped
Unipennate, bipennate and multipennate

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10
Q

Circular muscles

A

Form rings around body like eyes and mouth

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11
Q

Muscle contraction

A

Isotonic changing the muscle length by eccentric extension or concentric flexion
Isometric muscle contracts but size doesn’t change

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12
Q

First class lever

A

Seesaw
Fulcrum at the middle

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13
Q

Third class lever

A

Flexing a muscle, rowing a boat
Effort is at the middle

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13
Q

Second class lever

A

Pulling something or standing on tippy toes
Load in the middle

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14
Q

Intrinsic Muscles

A

Muscles contained within a region like the hand

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15
Q

Upper limbs

A

Anterior and posterior compartments

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16
Q

Lower limbs

A

Anterior, Posterior, medial, and lateral compartments.

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16
Q

Direct fleshy attachment

A

Close association with bones, connect to collagen fibers

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16
Q

Extrinsic Muscles

A

Muscles that move the specific region but are found outside of the region like the forearm moving the hand

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17
Q

Indirect attachment

A

Tendon attaches muscles to bone, connects into periosteum and matrix

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18
Q

Aponeurosis

A

Broad sheet of tendon that can attach to tissues other than bones

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19
Q

Synergist

A

Prevents unwanted movement in an intermediate joint crossed by prime mover
Aids the prime mover

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19
Prime mover
Produces the main action, chief muscle
20
Antagonist
Opposes the action of the prime mover and must be relaxed before the contraction of prime mover
20
Fixator
Prevents bone movement by its concentration does not produce movement by itself but helps prime mover
21
Large muscles
Major or Maximus
22
Small muscle
Minor or minimums
23
Broad muscle
Latissimus
24
Long muscle
Longus
25
Short muscle
Brevis
26
Depth of muscle
Superficialis Profundus Externus
27
Shape
Deltoid- triangular Teres- rounded Rectus- straight
28
Number of head
Biceps- 2 heads triceps- 3 head quadriceps- 4 heads
29
Sternocleidomastoid
Origin is the sternum and the clavicle Inserted on the mastoid process and nuchal line. Inserted is more movable than origin
30
Anterior muscles cause
They cause flexion
31
Posterior muscles cause
They cause extension except the Knee
32
Lateral muscles
Causes abduction, away from body
33
Medial muscles
Causes adduction, toward the body
34
Muscular system is the skeletal muscle of the body
35
Frontalis
Elevated eyebrows
36
Orbicularis occuli
closes eyes
37
Orbicularis oris
closes lips
38
Zygomatic major and minor
raises corners of the mouth to smile
39
Risorius
expresses horror
40
What muscles are involved in crying
Friendly cat often zig zag down mountains Frontalis Corrigator supercilli Orbicularis oculi Zygomatic major and minor Depressor anguli oris Mentalis
41
Muscles for chewing to move the mandible
More Tea Less Milk Medial pterygoid protrudes mandibles and moves it laterally, also elevate mandible Temporalis elevate mandible Masseter elevate mandible Lateral pterygoid depresses mandible and moves it sideways
42
Muscles of swallowing
4 muscles, glossus- tongue Genioglossus protrudes tongue or moves it to one side Hyoglossus depresses and retracts tongue Styloglossus- pulls tongue up and back Palatoglossus- tip of tongue to roof of mouth
42
Anterior muscles of the neck
Move the hyoid and mandible
42
Muscles that flex and extends necks
Strong superhero train smarter and strategically Sternocleidomastoid Scalenes ( anterior, medial and lateral) flexors Trapezius Splenius (capitis and cervicis) Semispinalis( capitis and cervicis) extensors
42
Suprahyoid muscles
Digastric, mylohyoid, geniohyoid, stylohyoid
43
Superficial muscles
Sternocleidomastoid and Platsysma overlap each other
44
Infrahyoid
Sternohyoid, sternothyroid, thyrohyoid, omohyoid
45
Anterior vertebral muscles
Rectus capitis, longus capitis, longus colli
46
Muscles of the neck move the head in all directions Lateral muscles
Scalenes muscles; anterior, middle and posterior; superficial
47
Posterior muscles of the neck
Superficial layer- trapezius, splenus capitis, splenius cervicis Deep Layer- Cervical transversospinales muscles( semispinalis capitis and cervicis) Deepest layer- Suboccipital muscles ( rectus capitis posterior major, rectus capitis posterior minor, obliquus capitis superior, obliquus capitis inferior)
48
Core muscles
Thoracic and Abdominal Muscles
49
Diaphragm
Prime mover of inspiration
50
Intercostal muscles help to aid breathing
Superficial external intercostal- aid in inspiration of air during breathing they raise and expand the rib cage
51
Internal intercostal
Aid in expiration by drawing in ribs together, under the externals
52
Innermost intercostal
Deepest and act as a synergists for action of the internal intercostals
53
3 flat muscles stack on top of each other to makes abdominal muscle
Transverse abdominal deepest Internal oblique External oblique superficial
54
2 vertical muscles that assist the flat muscles in compressing abdominal viscera, stabilize pelvis and depress ribs
Pyramidalis stabilizes pelvis Rectus Abdominis- abs muscle
55
Abdominal muscles are layered for muscles
7 muscles layers together External oblique- outermost Internal oblique transverse abdominis rectus abdominis Pyramidalis Quadratus lumborum Illiopsoas 2 parts
56
Superficial muscles that rotate the head
Splenius capitis and splenius cervicis
57
Superficial muscles of the back that move the shoulder
Trapezius Levator scapulae Rhombois minor and major Latissimus dorsi muscle
58
Trapezius moves neck and stabilizes and moves the scapula
Descending elevates pectoral girdle Middle retracts scapula Ascending depresses shoulder
59
Intermediate and deep muscles of the back move the ribs
Serratus posterior superior and inferior muscles Levatores Costarum
60
Muscles acting on the vertebral column flex the spin- Erector spinae
Spinalis group- closest to vertebrae spinalis thoracics and cervicis Longissimus group- next most lateral Longissimus capitis, cervicis and thoracis Illiocostalis group- most lateral Illiocostalis cervicis, throracis, lumborum
61
Deep muscles of the black extend the trunk and rotating the vertebrae
Transverspinales Semispinalis- capitis, cervcis, thoracic Multifidus- under semispinalis and are stablilizers Rotatores- deepest of the group
62
Core muscles used for hula hoop
Internal and external oblique Transverse and Rectus Abdominis Quadratus lumborum Latissimus Dorsi Erector Spinea group

ANATOMY (10 decks)

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