axial skeleton Flashcards
1
Q
how many bone are in the skull
A
- 22
2
Q
how many bones are in the neurocranium
A
- 8
3
Q
how many bones are in the viscerocanium
A
- 14
4
Q
how many associated bones are there, and what are they made up of
A
- 7 bones
- auditory ossicles (6)
- hyoid bone (1)
5
Q
how many bones are in the vertebral column
A
- 26
6
Q
what makes up the vertebral column, and how many bones are in each part
A
- vertebrae, 24
- sacrum, 1
- coccyx, 1
7
Q
how many bones are in the thoracic cage
A
- 25
8
Q
what makes up the thoracic cage, and how many bones are in each
A
- sternum, 1
- ribs, 24
9
Q
what bones make up the external skull
A
- skull
- cranium
- calvarium
- neurocranium
viscerocranium
10
Q
name the 8 bones of the neurocranium
A
- PESOFT
- parietal, 2
- ethmoid, 1
- sphenoid, 1
- occipital, 1
- frontal, 1
- temporal, 2
11
Q
name the 14 bones of the viscerocranium
A
- ZPLINMMV (zipline 2005)
- zygomatic, 2
- palatine, 2
- lacrimal, 2
- inferior nasal concha, 2
- nasal, 2
- maxilla, 2
- mandible, 1
- vomer, 1
12
Q
name the 3 sections of the cranial fossa
A
- anterior, middle and posterior cranial fossa
13
Q
name the 6 auditory ossicles
A
- malleus, 2
- incus, 2
- stapes, 2
14
Q
name the major sutures
A
- SSSLC
- sagittal
- squamous
- sutural
- lambdoid
- coronal
15
Q
what is the name of the area where the frontal, sphenoid, temporal and parietal sutures join?
A
- pterion
16
Q
name the bones of the orbit
A
- FLMESPZ (flamespaz)
- frontal
- lacrimal
- maxilla
- ethmoid
- sphenoid
- palatine
- zygomatic
17
Q
what are the 4 paranasal sinuses
A
- FEMS
- frontal
- ethmoidal air
- maxillary
- sphenoidal
18
Q
name the occipital bone landmarks
A
- external occipital protuberance
- external occipital crest
- occipital condyles
19
Q
name the occipital bone foramina
A
- foramen magnum
- jugular foramen
- hypoglossal canal
- occipital (condylar) canal
20
Q
name the parietal bone landmarks
A
- superior temporal line
- inferior temporal line
21
Q
name the frontal bone landmarks
A
- frontal sinus
22
Q
name the frontal bone foramina
A
- supraorbital foramen
- supraorbital notch
23
Q
name the temporal bone landmarks
A
- zygomatic process (part of zygomatic arch
- mandibular (glenoid) fossa
- mastoid process
- styloid process
- auditory ossicles (malleus, incus, stapes)
24
Q
name the temporal bone foramina
A
- foramen lacerum
- external acoustic (auditory) meatus (canal)
- internal acoustic meatus
- stylomastoid foramen
- carotid canal
25
name the sphenoidal bone landmarks
- sella turcica (hypophyseal fossa)
- lesser wing
- greater wing
- sphenoidal sinus
pterygoid processes
- lateral pterygoid plate
- medial pterygoid plate
- pterygoid fossa
26
name the sphenoidal bone foramina
- foramen ovale
- foramen spinosum
- foramen lacerum
- optic canals
- superior orbital fissure
- inferior orbital fissure
- foramen rotundum
27
name the ethmoidal bone landmarks
- cribriform plate
- crista galli
- superior nasal conchae
- middle nasal conchae
- perpendicular plate
28
name the ethmoidal foramina
- olfactory foramina
29
what comprise the nasal septum
- perpendicular plate of ethmoid bone
- vomer
- cartilage of septum
- crest of maxillary bone
- crest of palatine bone
30
name the landmarks of the maxillary bone
- maxillary sinus
- alveolar processes and margin
- anterior nasal spine
- palatine process of hard palate
- maxillary tuberosity
31
name the maxillary foramina
- infraorbital foramen
- nasolacrimal canal
- incisive fossa
32
name the palatine bone landmarks
- horizontal plate of hard palate
33
name the palatine bone foramina
- greater palatine foramen
- lesser palatine foramen
- choanae
34
what comprises the hard palate (hard palate is part of palatine bone)
- palatine process of maxilla
- horizontal plates of palatine bone
- transverse palatine suture
median palatine suture:
- intermaxillary suture
- interpalatine suture
35
name the zygomatic bone landmarks
- temporal process
36
name the mandibular landmarks
- body
- angle
- ramus
- coronoid process
- condylar process
- mandibular notch
- alveolar processes and margin
37
name the mandibular foramina
- mandibular foramen
| - mental foramen
38
list the vertebrae in the vertebral column, with numbers of each
- cervical, 7
- thoracic, 12
- lumbar, 5
- sacrum, 5
- coccyx, 3-5
39
list the landmarks of a vertabrae
- body
- arch
- pedicle
- lamina
- superior articular process
- inferior articular process
- transverse process
- spinous process
40
describe the atlas (C1)
- articulates with occipital condyles
- atlanto-occipital joint
- no body or spinous process
- anterior and posterior tubercules
- lateral masses
41
describe the axis (C2)
- atlantoaxial joint
| - odontoid process or dens
42
what vertebrae has costal facets
- thoracic
43
list the landmarks of the sacrum
- base
- apex
- median sacral crest
- posterior sacral foramina
44
list the parts of the intervertebral discs
- annulus fibrosus
| - nucleus pulposus
45
how many pairs of ribs are in the rib cage?
how many are true, false, and floating?
what else is featured in the ribcage?
- 12
- 7 true rib pairs
- 5 false paris
- 2 of the false are floating
- sternum
- costal cartilage
46
name the landmarks of the sternum
- manubrium (looks like superman crest, located in same area)
- jugular notch
- body
- costal notch
- xiphoid process
47
name the landmarks on a rib
- head
- neck
- costal tubercle
- costal angle
- body
