Axial Skeleton: Term First Flashcards
(109 cards)
1
Q
Parietal Bone
A
L/R large portions of the skull
Posterior to frontal, anterior to occipital bone
2
Q
Anterolateral fontanelle
A
means fountain
at junction of sphenoid, parietal, temporal and frontal bones
3
Q
Maxilla
A
upper jaw + roof of mouth + surrounding nose
4
Q
alveolar process of the mandible
A
holds teeth in lower jaw
5
Q
occipital bone
A
at posterior/inferior portion of skull
6
Q
spinous process
A
single process on all vertibrae
points posteriorly
7
Q
nasal bone
A
the small part of the nose thats left
above the nose hole
8
Q
transverse process
A
lateral pair of processes coming off all vertebrae
9
Q
coccyx
A
tail bone
3-5 fused bones
10
Q
Costal cartilage
A
connects ribs to sternum
made of thyaline cartilage
11
Q
temporal bone
A
large skull portion on lateral side of skull
over the temple
12
Q
coronal suture
A
between the frontal and L/R parietal bones
13
Q
Mastoid process
A
conical prominance of the temporal bone, located just posterior to the ear
14
Q
stapes
A
inner ear bone
means stirrup
15
Q
zygomatic process of temporal bone
A
starting at A and leading to B
A- lateral skull segment, over the temple
B- anterior to cheek bone, lateral to eye
16
Q
lacrimal bone
A
bone in eye socket
anterior in socket
just lateral to nasal bone
17
Q
intervertebral disk
A
seperates/cushons the vertebrae
18
Q
costal
A
referring to ribs
19
Q
occipital condyles
A
outcroppings of the back/low skull
just above top vertebrae
20
Q
alveolar process of the maxilla
A
holds teeth in upper jaw
21
Q
styloid process
A
thin prominance of the temporal bone sits just inferior to the external acoustic meatus
looks like a styletto
22
Q
palatine bone
A
posterior hard palate
23
Q
condyle
A
means knuckle
large round protuberance at the end of a bone
24
Q
crista galli
A
superior most part of ethmoid bone
anterior/inferior of brain cavity
25
stylomastoid foramen
hole inbetween the styloid and mastoid processes
26
foramin magnum
foramen in the skull
| spinal chord goes through this
27
zygomatic bone
means yolk- referring to a pair
lateral to eyes
anterior of the cheek bone
28
coronoid process of the mandible
means "like a beak"
| sharper tip of the ramus
29
frontal bone
forhead, ranging back to the parietal bones
30
zygomatic arch
spans between the cheek bone and the temple
31
meatus
tube-like opening
| means passageway
32
mandibular foramen
on the inside surface of lower jaw, right behind molars
33
body of vertebrae
main portion on anterior of all vertebrae
34
vertebral foramen
spinal cord passes through this vertebral part
35
body (of sternum)
middle 80% of the sternum
36
manubrium
superior-most part of the sternum
| looks a bit like a condyle
37
sella turcica
turkish saddle
| middle of the sphenoid bone
38
Posterolateral fontanelle
means fountain
| at junction of temporal, occipital, and parietal bones
39
superior/middle nasal concha
part of the ethmoid bone
| lateral, middle/superior outcroppings inside the nose
40
Temporal process of zygomatic bone
posterior cheek bone -> temple
41
xiphoid process
posterior tip of sternum
42
external acoustic meatus
external ear hole
43
squamous suture
suture between the temporal and parietal bones
44
malleus
inner ear bone
| means hammer
45
palatine process of the maxilla
anterior roof of mouth
46
head of ribs
- attaches to vertebrae
- next to tubercle
- articulates w/ inferior/superior costal facets of thoracic vertebrae
47
ossicles
inner ear bones
48
axis
C2
| has a superior process that C1 can rotate around
49
posterior fontanelle
means fountain
aka lamboid fountain
found at junction of saggital and lambdoidal sutures
50
inferior nasal concha
twin outcroppings in the nose hole
inferior and lateral in the cavity
I think it's it's own bone
51
foramen
hole through which blood vessels, nerves, or ligaments pass
| means hole
52
supraorbital margin
defines the top of the eye socket
53
superior orbital fissure
narrow slit in superior eye socket
54
perpindicular plate
seperates L/R nasal cavity
part of the ethmoid bone
from top to some way down. Stops where the vomer starts, I think
55
Foramen ovale
foramen
lateral to sella turcica
ovular
just posterior/lateral to formen rotundum
56
palatine process of maxilla
portion of the upper jaw that forms the anterior roof of mouth
57
sphenoidal sinus
sits just underneath the sella turcica
58
maxillary sinus
space above your top teeth
| bounded by the alveolar process of the maxilla, the zygomatic bone, and the orbital surface of the maxilla
59
superior/inferior articular facets
create a joint in the vertebrae
connects body to processes
2 sets
60
alveolar margins
connects the maxilla and mandible to the teeth
61
intervertebral foramen
foramen that runs/opens perpindicular to spine
62
middle ear cavity
part of temporal bone
| between acoustic meatus
63
sternal end of rib
connects to costal cartilage at sternum
64
condylar process of the mandible
rounded knob of the ramus
most posterior portion of lower jaw
fits into the mandibular fossa
65
sternum
| -3 features
3 parts
- manubrium
- xiphoid process
- chest plate
66
7 bones of the orbital of the eye
When an ELF has PMS she Zsss
| Ethmoid, Lacrimal, Frontal, Palatine, Maxilla, Sphenoid, Zygomatic
67
Atlas
- 4 special features
- missing 2 features
C1
has bowl shaped superior articular facets that hold the skull
has anterior + posterior arches
has no body or spinous process
68
Cervical Vertebrae
- 2 special types
- 2 special features
```
C1-C7
C1=atlas
C2=axis
has transverse foramen
has bifid spinous processes
```
69
Thoracic Vertebrae
| -standard features +3
T1-T12
has costal facets- Superior/inferior
has transverse costal facets
-if you look at it w/ spinous process coming at you, it looks like a giraffe head
70
Jugular Foramen
- foramen
- lateral to foramen magnum
- probably second in size only to foramen magnum
- Can be seen inside/outside of skull. Generally same location/shape on each. Bit smaller internally.
71
process
projection or outgrowth from a tissue or bone
| going towards some other feature
72
Mandible
lower jaw
73
anterior fontanelle
means fountain
| found at junction of frontal and parietal bones
74
Lamina
between transverse + spinous processes
more posterior
found on all vertebrae
75
Sacral Promontory
Superior/anterior ridge of bone
| Part of the 5 fused bone structure
76
Ethmoid bone
```
perpindicular plate and middle nasal concha in nose
extends superiorly into brain cavity
uppermost portion (crista galli) visible in brain cavity
```
77
mandibular fossa
where the mandible fits into the temporal bone
78
Incus
inner ear bone
| means anvil
79
superior/inferior costal facets
found on thoracic vertebrae
attachments for rib heads
-slight outcroppings on sides of vertebrae on top and bottom-near transverse process
-on bodies of the vertebrae
80
transverse costal facets
found on thoracic vertebrae
attachments for ribs, found on transverse process
attaches to the tubercle of the rib
81
sacrum
5 fused bones
has promontory
only facet it has is the superior articular facet
82
ethmoidal sinus
- space between the upper parts of the nasal cavities, and the orbits
- bordered by several bones. Frontal, maxilla, lacrimal, sphenoidal, and palatine.
83
floating ribs
11+12
| don't connect to sternum at all
84
Mental foramen
hole in lower jaw
| found underneath canines, or so
85
true ribs
1-7
| connect to costal cartilage and sternum
86
transverse foramen
holes in the transverse process
| found only in cervical vertebrae
87
Lumbar vertebrae
- L1-L5
- Largest vertebrae
- look at it laterally w/ spinous stickout out perpindicular to you, it looks like a moose head
- bean shaped bodies
- extra set of processes
88
Hypoglossal foramen/canal
foramen/canal
basically inside the foramen magnum
one on each side
lateral + slightly anterior to center of magnum
can only see it inside the skull/foramen magnum
89
sagittal suture
Connecting the L/R parietal bones
90
Fissure
Narrow slit between adjacent parts of bones through which blood vessels or nerves pass
91
Lambdoid suture
connection of parietal and occipital bones
92
optic foramen
foramen
hole in the eye socket
can be accessed through eye socket, or just anterior to the sella turcica
93
Fossa
Shallow depression
| means trench
94
False ribs
8-10
attach to cartilage of rib #7
not directly to sternum
95
Carotid foramin
just anterior to jugular foramen
just medial to stylomastoid foramen
can be seen on external skull
96
dens
superior process on C2, that C1 rotates around
97
pedicle
connects body to transverse process
one on all vertebrae
more anterior
98
hyoid bone
stand alone U shaped bone
| supports the tongue
99
Sphenoid bone
Greater + Lesser wings
| contains sella turcica
100
bifid spinous process
forked spinous process
| found on C2-C6
101
foramen rotundum
foramen
lateral to sella turcica
circular
barely anterior/medial to foramen ovale
102
Vomer
means 'plow'
wider posteriorly, comes to a point in the anterior
visible through the nose- lowest part of perpindicular plate
more of this bone is visible from the posterior side
103
cribriform plate
area upon which the crista galli rises out of
| both this, and the crista galli are part of the ethmoid bone
104
rib tubercle
sticks out by the head of the rib
| connects to transverse process of thoracic vertebrae
105
anterior/posterior arch
found on C1
106
Frontal sinus
space between nose and forhead, posterior to both
107
internal acoustic meatus
inner ear hole
just anterior to jugular foramen
seen in internal skull
108
ramus of the mandible
| -2 features
means branch
connections of the lower jaw
has a condylar process and a coronoid process
109
Ribs
- 3 types with numbers
- 3 features
```
12 pair
connect @ vertebral column + sternum
has a head, a tubercle, and a sternal end
True ribs: ribs 1-7
false ribs: ribs 8-10
Floating ribs: ribs 11-12
```
