Axilla Flashcards Preview

MSK exam 2 AP > Axilla > Flashcards

Flashcards in Axilla Deck (30)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q

Apex of the axilla

A

junction of the clavicle, scapula, and first rib (forming the cervicoaxillary canal)

2
Q

Apex of the axilla

A

junction of the clavicle, scapula, and first rib (forming the cervicoaxillary canal)

3
Q

Base of the axilla

A

axillary fascia

4
Q

anterior wall of axilla

A

pectoralis major and minor muscles

clavipectoral fascia

5
Q

posterior wall of axilla

A

scapula with associated musculature (subscapularis, teres major, latissimus dorsi)

6
Q

medial wall of axilla

A

ribs 1-4 or 5

intercostal musculature covered by serratous anterior muscle

7
Q

lateral border of the axilla wall

A

junction of the anterior and posterior axillary walls at the intertubercular groove

8
Q

Base of the axilla

A

axillary fascia

9
Q

anterior wall of axilla

A

pectoralis major and minor muscles

clavipectoral fascia

10
Q

posterior wall of axilla

A

scapula with associated musculature (subscapularis, teres major, latissimus dorsi)

11
Q

medial wall of axilla

A

ribs 1-4 or 5

intercostal musculature covered by serratous anterior muscle

12
Q

lateral border of the axilla wall

A

junction of the anterior and posterior axillary walls at the intertubercular groove

13
Q

Contents of the axilla

A

axillary artery

axillary vein

cords and branches of brachial plexus

proximal portions of long and short heads of biceps brachii and coracobrachialis

axillary lymph nodes

fat

14
Q

what does the axillary sheath surround?

A

axillary vein, axillary artery, cords of the brachial plexus

axillary sheath is an extension of prevertebral cervical fascia

ends up in brachium as medial intermuscular septum

15
Q

does the thoracoacromial artery pierce the costocoracoid membrane?

A

yes

16
Q

what doe the supreme or highest thoracic artery supply

A

first and second anterior intercostal spaces

17
Q

what does the thoracodorsal artery supply?

A

latissimus dorsi

18
Q

what does the subscapular artery branch into?

A

circumflex scapular artery

thoracodorsal artery

19
Q

what does the lateral thoracic artery supply?

A

lateral intercostal spaces

serratous anterior

pectoralis major and minor

mammary gland

20
Q

what is the largest and most variable branch of the axillary a.

A

subscapular a

21
Q

distally where does the axillary v lie in relation to the axillary artery

A

it lies medial

22
Q

proximally where does the axillary v lie in relation to the axillary artery

A

it lie anterior and somewhat inferior to the artery

23
Q

what vein pierces the clavipectoral fascia

A

the cephalic vein to join the axillary vein

24
Q

what forms the axillary vein

A

union of basilic vein with the brachial veins

25
Q

when does the axillary vein become the subclavian vein

A

when it crosses the lateral border of the first rib

26
Q

what does the superficial lymphatics of the upper limb drain? what direction

A

subcutaneous structures in the ventral to dorsal direction as well as distal to proximal

follow superficial VEINS

27
Q

where does the drainage from superficial lymphatics end up?

A

ending in the lateral group of axillary lymph nodes (following the basilic vein)

some lateral collecting ducts follow the course of the cephalic vein to end in the apical group of axillary lymph nodes

28
Q

what do the deep lymphatics of the upper limb drain, in what direction and where do they end up?

what do they follow?

A

drain periosteum
joint capsules
tendons and some muscle

parallel the course of MAJOR ARTERIES

drain to lateral and central axillary lymph nodes

29
Q

what are the 5 infraclavicular lymph nodes

A

pectoral

lateral

subscapular

central

apical (only one located superior to pec minor tendon- all the rest above are located inferior )

30
Q

why does limb swelling occur after removal of axillary lymph nodes

A

because normal lymphatic drainage becomes impaired