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201 > Axilla and It’s Contents > Flashcards

Axilla and It’s Contents Flashcards

1
Q

Axilla is what kind of space?

A

Pyramidal

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2
Q

Axilla is located inferior to ———— and superior to ———— at the junction of the ——— and ———

A

Shoulder joint, Axilla fascia, arm and thorax

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3
Q

Shape and size of axilla varies with position of ———

A

Arm

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4
Q

The axilla has —— apex, ——- base, ——— its ——- walls

A

An Apex, A base, four walls

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5
Q

Apex of axilla is the ———- canal

A

Cervicoaxillary

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6
Q

The apex of the axilla is the passage way between ——— and ———-

A

Neck and axilla

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7
Q

The apex of the axilla lies between ———, ———- and ———

A

1st rib, clavicle and superior edge of scapular

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8
Q

At the apex there’s Transmission of blood vessels, nerves and lymphatics. T/F

A

True

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9
Q

The base of the axilla is formed by ——-, ——— and axilla fascia

A

Skin, subcutaneous tissue

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10
Q

The extent of the base is —— to ——-

A

Arm——— thoracic wall(4th rib)

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11
Q

The base forms what?

A

Axillary fossa(armpit)

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12
Q

The base is bounded by what?

A

Anterior and posterior axillary folds, thoracic wall, medial aspect of the arm

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13
Q

The anterior wall is formed by?

A

Pectoralis major, minor and associated pectoral and clavicopectoral fasciae

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14
Q

What is the inferior most part of the anterior wall?

A

Anterior axillary fold

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15
Q

Anterior axillary wall is formed by?

A

Pectoralis major and overlying skin

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16
Q

Posterior wall of axilla is formed by?

A

Formed mainly by Scapularis, subscapularis, inferiorly by teres major, latissimus dorsi

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17
Q

What is the inferiormost part of posterior axillary wall?

A

Posterior axillary fold

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18
Q

Posterior axillary fold is formed by?

A

Latissimus dorsi, teres major and overlying skin

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19
Q

The medial wall of the axilla is formed by?

A

Thorax, 1-4th ribs, associated intercostal muscles, overlying serratus anterior muscle

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20
Q

Lateral wall is formed by?

A

Intertubercular groove of humerus

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21
Q

Contents of axilla

A

Axillary vein, artery, lymph nodes, cords and branches of brachial plexus

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22
Q 
Course of axillary artery;
Begins where? 
As continuation of what?
Passes posterior to what and into what?
Terminates where?
Becomes what?
A 
Lateral border of the 1st rib
Subclavian artery
Pectoralis minor into the arm
Inferior border of teres major
Brachial artery
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23
Q

Axillary is divided into three parts by what muscle?

A

Pectoralis minor

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24
Q

The first part of the axillary artery is between the medial border of the first rib and lateral border of the pectoralis minor muscle. T/F

A

False. It’s between the lateral border of 1st rib and medial border of Pectoralis minor

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25
Q

The superior thoracic artery is a large vessel. T/F

A

False. Small vessel

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26
Q

The superior thoracic artery arises from the first part of axillary artery just below what?

A

Subclavius

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27
Q

Superior thoracic artery supplies?

A

Subclavius
Serratus anterior
1-2 intercostal muscles
Overlying pectoral muscles

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28
Q

Thoracoacromial artery is deep to what muscle?, pierces what structure?, divides into how many branches? Deep to what?

A

Pectoralis minor
Costocoracoid membrane
4 branches
Clavicular head of pectoralis major

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29
Q

What are the branches of thoracoacromial artery?

A

Pectoral
Clavicular
Deltoid
Acromial

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30
Q

What branch of the axillary artery is described as a short wide trunk

A

Thoracoacromial artery

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31
Q

What artery has a viable origin?

A

Lateral thoracic artery

32
Q

The lateral thoracic artery descends where?

A

Along the lateral border of pectoralis minor

33
Q

Lateral thoracic artery can also arise from?

A

Thoracoacromial, suprascapular, subscapular artery

34
Q

Lateral thoracic artery supplies what?

A 
Serratus anterior 
Axillary lymph nodes 
Intercostal muscles
Lateral aspect of the breast
Pectoral muscles
35
Q

What’s the largest branch of the axillary artery?

A

Subscapular artery

36
Q

The subscapular artery descends along where?

A

Lateral border of subscapularis on posterior axillary wall

37
Q

Subscapular artery supplies?

A

Subscapular
Teres major
Latissimus dorsi

38
Q

Subscapular artery divided into?

A

Circumflex scapular and thoracodorsal arteries

39
Q

Circumflex scapular is the largest branch of the subscapular. T/F

A

True

40
Q

Circumflex scapular curves anteriorly around axillary border of scapular, passing posteriorly between subscapularis and teres major muscles

A

False. Curves posteriorly

41
Q

Circumflex scapular supplies what and participates in what?

A

Muscles of the dorsum of the scapular

Participates in scapular anastomoses

42
Q

Thoracodorsal artery is a continuation of what?

A

Subscapular artery

43
Q

Thoracodorsal artery continues to ———- of the scapular, participates in ————- and supplies ————-

A

Inferior angle, anastomoses, latisssimus dorsi

44
Q

Circumflex humeral artery is opposite what artery?

A

Subscapular artery

45
Q

CHA pass around the anatomical neck of the humerus to anastomose with each other. T/F

A

False. Surgical neck

46
Q

Anterior circumflex humeral artery is the larger of the two humeral arteries. T/F

A

False

47
Q

ACHA passes laterally deep to what muscles?

A

Coracobrachialis and biceps brachii

48
Q

ACHA gives off ascending branches that supplies?

A

Shoulder

49
Q

PCHA is the larger branch of the two CHA. T/F

A

True

50
Q

PCHA passes medially thorough the ———— wall of axilla via the ———— space accompanied by ——————

A

Posterior, quadrangular, axillary nerve

51
Q

PCHA supplies?

A

Shoulder joint, surrounding muscles(deltoid, teres major and minor, long head of triceps)

52
Q

Axillary vein is formed where?

A

Inferior border of teres major muscle

53
Q

Axillary vein is formed by the union of?

A

Basilic and Brachial vein

54
Q

Axillary vein lies on the lateral aspect of the axillary artery. T/F

A

False. Medial

55
Q

When the arm is abducted fully, axillary vein lies ———-and ———- to the axillary artery.

A

Anterior and superior

56
Q

Where does the axillary vein become the subclavian vein?

A

Lateral border of the first rib

57
Q

Axillary lymph node is arranged into how many groups?

A

5

58
Q

Apical group lies along the medial side of ———— and first part of ———-

A

Axillary vein, axillary artery

59
Q

Apical lymph node receives lymph from every other group of lymph nodes plus lymphatics of proximal cephalic vein. T/F

A

T

60
Q

Anterior group has 3-6 nodes. T/F

A

F. 3-5

61
Q

What group lies around the medial wall of axilla around the lateral thoracic vein and the inferior border of pectoralis minor

A

Pectoral/Anterior group

62
Q

Anterior group of lymph nodes receive lymph mainly from?

A

Anterior thoracic wall + breast

63
Q

Efferent lymph vessels pass to —— and ——— groups

A

Central, Apical

64
Q

Subscapular region consists of how many lymph nodes?

A

6 or 7

65
Q

Posterior group lie along the posterior axillary fold and subscapular blood vessels. T/F

A

True

66
Q

Subscapular group receives lymph from the anterior aspect of the thoracic wall and scapular region. T/F

A

False. Posterior

67
Q

Efferent lymph vessels of posterior group pass where?

A

Central, Apical

68
Q

How many lymph nodes are in the humeral group?

A

4-6

69
Q

The humeral group of lymph nodes lie along the lateral wall of the axilla medial and posterior to ————

A

Axillary vein

70
Q

The humeral group receives lymph from almost all lymph of upper limb except?

A

Lymphatic vessels accompanying ceohalic vein

71
Q

Central consists of three to four lymph nodes. T/F
Situated superficial to pectoralis minor near the base of the axilla. T/F
Receives lymph from ———, ——— and ———

A

True
False. Deep
Anterior, posterior, lateral groups

72
Q

Efferent vessels from central groups pass where?

A

Apical groups of lymph nodes

73
Q

To compensate for the temporary occlusion of the lumen of axillary artery, an anastomosis between ——— and ——— exists

A

Subclavian artery, axillary artery

74
Q

What vessels are involved in anastomoses?

A

Axillary artery-Subscapular

Subclavian artery-Dorsal scapular, Supra scapular

75
Q

Clinical anatomy

A

Compression of axillary artery
Expansion of axillary vein
Enlargement of axillary lymph nodes
Aneurysm of axillary artery

76
Q

Efferent vessels of apical lymph nodes unite to form?

A

Subclavian lymphatic trunk

77
Q

The subclavian lymphatic trunk on the right side may join the bronchiomediastinal trunks to form the —————- or enter the right venous angle independently

What happens to the subclavian lymphatic duct on the left side?

A

Right lymphatic duct

It Joins the thoracic duct

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