B Flashcards
(19 cards)
Difference between Acidic lava and Basic Lava
Acidic lava is viscous, is lighter in colour and has higher silica content. Basic lava is non-viscous, is darker in colour and has lower silica content.
Acidic lava
Molten material flowing from a volcanic vent.
Ash clouds
Is a large cloud of smoke and debris that forms over a volcano after it erupts. Ash clouds include ash, gases, dust, steam, rock fragments and other materials that come from inside the volcano and combine in the air above the crater.
Convergent plate boundary
A tectonic boundary where two plates are moving towards each other. If the two plates are of equal density, they usually push up against each other, forming a mountain chain. Examples of Convergent plate boundary are Himalayan Mountains. Convergent plate boundary are also known as a destructive plate boundary.
Exclusion Zone
The exclusion zone was set up after the volcanic incident in 1997. Plymouth is in the exclusion zone. The exclusion zone is a long term effect.
Lahar
Indonesian term for a volcanic mudflow. It is a type of mudflow or debris flow composed of a slurry of pyroclastic material, rocky debris, and water.
Lava dome
Lava Dome is also known as a volcanic dome, is any steep-sided mound that is formed when lava reaching the Earth’s surface is so viscous that it cannot flow away readily and gathers around the vent.
Lava flows
Lava flows are streams of molten rock that pour or ooze from an erupting vent. It is created during a non-explosive effusive eruption.
Magma
Magma is a hot fluid or semi-fluid material below or within the earth’s crust from which lava and other igneous rock is formed on cooling.
Plate margin
The boundary of one of the plates that form the upper layer (the lithosphere) and together cover the surface of the Earth. At the locations where two tectonic plates interact, a boundary between these plates exist. There are three types of boundaries that geologist observe. These boundaries are divergent boundaries, convergent boundaries, and transform boundaries.
Prevailing Winds
The direction of wind is measured in terms of where the air is coming from.
Projectiles
Something that is thrown or projected.
Pyroclastic flow
A pyroclastic flow is a sudden, quick, and very hot movement of gasses, dust, ash and/or rock mixtures due to volcanic eruptions that move across the ground at high speeds.
Tephra
rock fragments and particles ejected into the air during a volcanic eruption.
Top down development
development funded and carried out by the government or world bank etc. Often in the form of loans which developing communities can’t pay back. Don’t listen to the community’s needs (eg, buying an organ instead of putting a swimming pool)
Vents
an opening at the earth’s surface from which volcanic material, as lava, steam, or gas, is produced.
Viscous lava
High viscosity lavas flow slowly and typically cover small areas. In contrast, low viscosity magmas flow more rapidly and form lava flows that cover thousands of square kilometers. When it comes to liquids, viscosity is a measurement of how thick or syrupy it is.
Volcanic peak
It is a volcano that has formed a large cone shaped hill, or mountain.
Volcanologist
A volcanologist or vulcanologist is a geologist who studies the processes involved in the formation and eruptive activity of volcanoes and their current and historic eruptions.
