B Functionalism

Question 1

Durkheim

Answer 1

Social solidarity 
Social order
Elementary forms of religion 
Sacred and profane
Arunda - Totemism 
Collective conscience

Question 2

Malinowski

Answer 2

Trobriand Islanders
Reinforcing social norms and values, promoting social solidarity
Cope with emotional stress
Stress can be dysfunctional to society and disrupt social order
Rituals such as funerals help check emotions

Question 3

Parsons

Answer 3

Human action was directed and controlled by norms provided by the social system
E.g the 10 commandments
-Thou shalt not kill
-Thou shalt not steal

Question 4

Bellah

Answer 4

What unified Americans was an overarching civil religion which was distinct for each.
It generates widespread loyalty to the nation state
Involves supernatural beliefs
God and Americanism walk hand in hand
‘God bless America’, oath of allegiance - general application, unites people

Question 5

Shils and Young

Answer 5

Coronation - drawing closer the bonds of the family and reasserting its solidarity and values