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FUN > B. Professionalism and leadership > Flashcards

B. Professionalism and leadership Flashcards

1
Q

What are the conditions for GSL sale?

A
  • They must to sold or supplied in a place which acn close as to exclude the public
  • Have an MA (or equiv for herbal & homeophathic)
  • immediate and outer packaging made elsewhere to where it is sold , supplied.
  • Outer packaging must remained unopened since being made up for sale.
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2
Q

What is the definition of a P med?

A

any medicinal product which neither a POM or GSL

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3
Q

What is evidence-based medicine?

A

the integration of best medical research, clinical expertise and patient’s values

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4
Q

What is the framework for a randomised control trial?

A

P-population and their characterstics
I- intervention, something that is used to treat, cure, prevent a condition
C-other group/ control group is measured against the intervention
O-outcomes, what happened

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5
Q

How do you remember Accuracy and Prescision

A

aCcuracy=correct
pRecision=Repitition

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6
Q

What are the legal requirements for a prescription?

A
  1. Signature of prescriber
  2. Address of prescriber
  3. Date
  4. Particulars of prescriber
  5. Name of the patient
  6. address of the patient
  7. Age of the patient (if under 12)
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7
Q

What are the legal requirements for labels on dispensed medicines?

A
  • Name of med + strength
  • Directions and dose

Name of patient and date

  • name + address of pharmacy
  • KOORSAROC
  • Precautions: BNF cautionary and advice labels
  • Additional labels
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8
Q

What are some additional labels to be put on a dipensed medicine label?

A

Only use this medicine on your skin - for ALL SKIN products

Not to be taken- for ALL NON-SKIN products that are NOT to be
swallowed

Shake the bottle- for ALLL LIQUID meds

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9
Q

Process for disensing medicines

A
  1. Name
  2. Strength
  3. Quantity/ pack size
  4. Dosage form
  5. Date
  6. Contents aren’t tampered with + PIL
  7. Stored in fridge? CD cupboard
  8. Extra tools in sundries?
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10
Q

Accuracy check of labels and meds

A
  1. Name
  2. Form
  3. strength
  4. quantity
  5. Patient’s name
  6. Wrong directions/dose
  7. Missing BNF warnings or wrong BNF wanings
  8. Transposed labels
  9. Wrong spelling
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11
Q

Clinical check

A

** Patient characteristics**
* Patient type-children, pregnant/ breastfeeding, certain ethnic groups, gender
* Co-morbilities
* patient intolerances or preferences
** Medication regimen**
* Name, strength, form, quantity, dose + frequency
* consideration of age, weight, SA, co-morbilities
* Interactions- with other meds-POMs or OTCs and food and drink

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12
Q

Main types of law

A
  • Statutory Law
  • Common Law
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13
Q

Explain Statutory Law and Common Law

A
  • Statutory Law- deeloped by parliament
  • Common Law- a body of law based on legal precedents in courts
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14
Q

Other types of Law other than the main 2

A
  • Civil Law- between 2 individuals/ an individual and an org/ org and org
  • Adminstrative Law- between public bodies, public bodies and their subcontractors
  • Criminal Law- state against individual
  • Professional Law- state against professional
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15
Q

State and explain the two types of consent

A
  • Explicit- directly given
  • Implied- indirectly given
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16
Q

Typical sanctions or penalties for breaking each law

A
  • Criminal- prison, fine, community service
  • Civil- prosecution, compensation
  • Adminstrative- Loss of remuneration, loss of contract
  • Professional- removal from register
17
Q

Criteria needed for consent to be valid

A
  • Given voluntarily
  • Informed
  • Capacity
  • Specific to one intervention/treatment
  • Consent cannot to be presumed based on any previous occasion
18
Q

Define capacity

A

The ability to use and understand information to make a decision and communicate any decision made.

19
Q

To make an informed decision a person should be able to…

A
  • Understand, remember, use and weigh up the info given
  • communicate their decision to the HCP
20
Q

confidentiality of young people

A
  • encourage young people to involve their parents in decisions
  • respect a competent young person’s request for confidentiality
21
Q

Capacity with children

A
  • Children are not presumed to have capacity to consent
  • if competent then HCP doesn’t need consent from person with parental responsibility
22
Q

Children or young people without capacity

A
  • a person with parental responsibility can consent on their behalf
23
Q

Consent in emergencies where HCP cannot get consent

A
  • HCP can provide treatment which is in the best interests of patient’s and is needed to save their life or prevent deterioration of their condion. (regarless of who- child adult, young person)
  • UNLESS their is an advance decision to refuse a particular treatment
24
Q

Types of confidential info

A
  • electronic/hard copy data
  • personal details
  • info about a person’s meds ( prescribed or non)
  • other info about medical history, treatment or care that could identify them
  • non-medical information
25
Q

How to protect info

A
  • access confidential info ONLY as part of providing care or under law
  • everyone in HC setting carries out duty of confidentiality
  • raise concern, if the security of the data is not appropriate, to data controller or other authority
  • not be careless with people’s info
  • don’t store longer than necesaary
  • not discuss with anyone not involved
  • not brandish on the internet
26
Q

When you can breach confidentiality

A
  • with consent from person-may also be with their consent within a healthcare team
  • by law-communicable disease reporting, birth/deaths, abortions, court order
  • in public interest-prevent serious harm, serious crime, informing DVLA to unsafe to drive, communicable disseases
  • interest of the patient- if vital
27
Q

How to make records of confidential info disclosure

A
  • who the request/disclosure came from
  • did they request for consent
  • was consent give or refused
  • what they disclosed
  • how was the disclosure made securely
  • under which lawful authority or provision was the request/ disclosure made
28
Q

If disclosing confidential info with consent from the patient, you must ensure the patient understands…

A
  • what will be disclosed
  • who the info is disclosed to
  • why the disclosure
  • consequences of disclosing or not
29
Q

Medicines act (68) and HMR(2012)

A
  • purpose to control safety, quality, and efficacy of medicinal products for human use.
  • Some parts of Medicines act are kept because felt they didn’t need changing, these parts are not included in HMR, which is secondary legislation which sits on top of the act
30
Q

Factors that affect profssional decision making

A
  • Legal
  • Ethical
  • Clinical
31
Q

Explain the legal factors that affect professional decision making

A

Legal
* Classification of meds/restrictions of sale/supply
* labels + prescriptions
* Data protection
* standards/public trust in HCP

32
Q

Explain the Ethical factors that affect professional decision making

A
  • Duty of Care and confidentiality (legal duties)
  • Bioethical principles
33
Q

What clinical factors affect professional decision making

A
  • Med condition,symptoms and impact
  • clinical suitablility of the med to the condition-formulation/side effects
  • Is the person supplying, selling, prescribing suitable to do so
34
Q

Explain the bioethical principles

A
  • Autonomy-the rights of everyone involved
  • Beneficience- to do something which benefits someone
  • Non-maleficence- duty to not harm
    Duty of care -medical negligence under civil law
    Duty of candour when things go wrong
  • Justice- fairness to all
35
Q

How to make a professional decision (long answer q)?

A
  • Identify problem
  • Gather key info
  • Ascribe values/ which ones may be more important
  • Suggest options
  • Conclude with best solution and justify

clinically extra: make a record of the last point

FUN (9 decks)

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