Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Biology Paper 1 > B1 > Flashcards

B1 Flashcards

(50 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Lable parts of bacteria cell

A

Plasmids, flagella, cytoplasm, cell wall, ribosomes, cellmembrane, single long strand of dna

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Lable yeast cell

A

Mitochondria, cell membrane, nucleus, cell wall, cytoplasm, ribesome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is function of nucleus

A

Contains DNA. Controls activity of the cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is cytoplasm function

A

Where chemical reactions occur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What does cell membrane do

A

Control what goes in and out of the cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What does mitochondria do

A

Sight of respiration. Where energy is released from

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What does ribosomes do

A

Where protein synthesis occurs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What does cell wall do

A

Keeps cell turgid. Made out of cellulose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What does chloroplasts do

A

Contains cholorphyl which Absorb sunlight for photosynthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What does vacuole do

A

Contains cell sap. Keeps cell turgid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the 3 main differences between animal cell and plant cell

A

Plant dell have vacuole, animal doesn’t, plant cell have chloroplast animal doesn’t, plant cell has cell wall, animal doesnt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is magnification

A

How big/ zoomed in a picture is

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is resolution

A

Ability to distinguish between 2 points, how clear something is

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Name 2 types of microscopes

A

Electron, light

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the equation for magnification?

A

Magnification= image(printed on paper) dividied by actual size

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How do you convert mm into ym

A

Times by 1000

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What does coarse focusing wheel do

A

Roughly focus cells by moving stage up and down

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What does fine focusing wheel do

A

Makes cells resolution higher

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What does objective lense do

A

Contolls magnification of cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is a specialised cell

A

A cells that has an adaptation that helps them to carry out its particular function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are the parts of sperm cell anfehst is it’s function

Study These Flashcards
A

Contains enzymes in head to help break into egg, nucleus in head, mitochondria provide energy, tail help pswim to egg

22
Q

Lable parts of muscle cell and mention its function

Study These Flashcards
A

Cytoplasm, mitochondria help contract and relax of muscles, cell membrane, protein fibres which change size to help muscles contract since they strech
Function: contract and relax

23
Q

Lable root hair cell and mention its function

Study These Flashcards
A

Nucleus, vacuole, cell wall, cellmembrane, root hair give large surface area. Does Co twin chloroplast coz it doesn’t need it
Function: Absorb water and ion nutrients from the soil

24
Q

Lable parts of xylem

Study These Flashcards
A

Hollow and made of dead cells to let water pa’s through, thick wall contains lignin, one way flow of sap, no end walls between, transpiration- water lost from leaves through fragments
Function: transport water up the plant

25
LAble parts of phloem name function
Thin walls made of cellulose, made of living cells, supported by companion. Cells, seive plates allow sugar and amino acids move up and down Function: transport food and dispvles sugars up and down the plant
26
As organism develops, cells differentiate into different types of cells. When can an animal cell differentiate?
Ability to differentiate is then lost at an early stage after becoming specialised
27
In mature animals, cell devision is mainly restricted to 2 things. What are they?
Reparing cells and replacing cells
28
How many chromosomes in body cell
46
29
How many chromosomes in sex cell
23
30
What is a haploid
Half number of cell eg: egg and sperm cell
31
What is a diploid
Full amount chromosomes eg: body cell
32
Why is cell devision by mitosis important
* growth and development eg: multicellular organsims * repair and replacement of cells * asexual reproduction
33
What is a stem cell?
An undifferentiated cell that has the ability to become specialised
34
What are 3 types of stem cells
Adult, embryonic, plant
35
What is the function of embryonic stem cell
Differentiate into any specialised stem cell
36
What is function of adult stem cell
Differentiate into red blood cells white blood cells and platelet blood cells
37
And is the function of plant cells
Differentiate into any specialised plant cell
38
What 2 conditions can stem cells help with
Diabetes, paralysis
39
In therapeutic cloning, an bryo is produced with the same genes as the patient. Name advantages and disadvantages of this
Advantage: . clone tissue/organ/flesh . many cells produced . cure disiease/contition . reduce waiting time for organ transplant . can be used for research . unlikely be rejected by patient Disadvantages: shortage of donor . kills life . don't know risks and side effects of procedure . poor success rate . may transfer viral infection
40
Advantages and disadvantages for using stem cells in plants
Advantages: clone crops- cheaper and easier, clone rare species of plants so they do not go extinct, crop plants with special features such as disease resistant
41
How are surfaces addaptef for effecient gas exchange
Large surgace area, thin wall for short diffusion path way, good blood supply for maintaining concentration gradient
42
How does gas exchange occur in the lungs
* there is a high concentration gradient of oxygen in the alvioli. Low concentration of ogygens in red blood cells. Ogygens diffuses from alvioli into the RBC. *high concentration carbon dioxide in RBC, low concentration in alvioli. Carbon dioxide diffuses from RBC to alvioli. Addaptations: lots of alvioli, large surface area, good blood suply
43
What occurs in small intestine
Nutrients that were broken down by enzyme in the small intestine are absorbed into the bloodstream. Adaptation: villi/micro villi for large surgace area, thin walls, good blood suply
44
Explain process do how gass diffuses in and out of leaves
*high concentration of carbon dioxide outside leaf. Low conectraion of carbon dioxide in the leaf. Carbon dioxide diffuses from outside to inside leaf *high concentration oxygen in leaf. Low concentration outside leaf. Oxygen diffuse from inside to outside *adaptaions: flatshape- large surface area, stomata open and close contolled by guard cells which control gass exchange
45
How diffusion of gasses occur in fish gills
There is oxygen in water. High conectration oxygen in water. Low concentration in fish blood. Oxyege diffuse from water to fish blood through gills. High conectration carbon dioxide in fish blood. Low concentration in water. Go from fish to water. Addaptations: gills have Gill filememt which have lamaliea which increase surface area. Thin wall. Good blood supply. Water go in one direction blod go in the other direction maintaining concentration gradient
46
What is osmosis
Water molecules go from area of high concentration to area of low concentration through a partially permeable membrane
47
Difine active transport. What is needed for it.
Particles move from area of low concentration to area of high concentration. Energy is required for this
48
How do you set up a microscope?
. Put slide on stage and secure with clips . Turn objective lense to the lowest power (x4) because it gives the biggest field of view . Turn the course focusing wheel to focus the cells roughly . Turn the fine focusing wheel to bring cells into clear focus . Change objective lense to higher power like x10 or x40
49
How do you prepare an onion slide
. Put one drop of water on a microscope slide . Peel of thin layer of epidermis tissue from inner surface of the onion using tweezers . Put this thin layer onto the drop of water onto the slide . Put one or two drops of iodine solution onto the onion tissue . Carefully lower coverslip onto slide, using a mounting needle to prevent air bubbles
50
Explain bacterial division
. Bacteria are prkaryote so there DNA are not enclosed in a nuclues . Bacteria multilpys by simple cell division . One bacterial cell divides into 2 bacteria cells (binary fission) . Bacteria carry out binary fission every 20 minutes as long as they have enough nutrients and temuratures ae sustainable

Biology Paper 1 (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions