B1

Question 1

Heredity

Answer 1

transmission of traits from parent to
offspring

Question 2

Genotype

Answer 2

specific information imbedded within our
genes, can only be determined by blood testing.

Question 3

Phenotype

Answer 3

Physical expression of a particular trait,
can be directly observed.

Question 4

Maturation

Answer 4

completion of growth of genetic
character within an organism or the unfolding of an
individual’s inherent traits or potential

Question 5

Chromosomes

Answer 5

are bundles of tightly coiled DNA located within the
nucleus of almost every cell in our body. Humans have 23 pairs of
chromosomes

Question 6

Histones

Answer 6

A single length of DNA is wrapped many times
around lots of proteins called

Question 7

These nucleosomes then coil up tightly

Answer 7

chromatin loops

Question 8

Each chromosome has two arms and one
holding it all together at the center.

Answer 8

short arms (p arms),
two longer arms (q arms), and a centromere

Question 9

The other 22 pairs look the same for both males and females.

Answer 9

autosomes (non-sex chromosomes)

Question 10

At the ends of each of our chromosomes are sections of
DNA.
It protect the ends of the
chromosomes during DNA replication by forming a cap, much
like the plastic tip on
a shoelace.

Answer 10

Telomeres

Question 11

DNA contains four basic building blocks or ‘bases’

Answer 11

adenine(A), cytosine (C), guanine(G) and thymine (T)

Question 12

Each base pair is joined together

Answer 12

by hydrogen
bonds

Question 13

double helix structure was first
discovered by

Answer 13

Francis Crick and James
Watson with the help of Rosalind Franklin
and Maurice Wilkins

Question 14

Gene

Answer 14

-A gene is a small section of DNA that
contains the instructions for a specific
molecule, usually a protein.

●The purpose of genes is to store
information.

-Alleles

Question 15

If the alleles of a particular gene are
the same, the organism is described

Answer 15

Homozygous

Question 16

If they are different the organism is
described

Answer 16

heterozygous

Question 17

DNA as unique
identifying part of every individual.

Answer 17

Biology (Genetics)

Question 18

crucial for evidence in the
resolution of crime.

Answer 18

Forensics

Question 19

determine maternity and
paternity of an individual as well as
interventions and treatment of
diseases.

Answer 19

Medicine

Question 20

Human Genome Project (1990-2003)

Answer 20

was created for mapping
functions of the genes from physical and functional viewpoints and
was seen to explore specific interactions of nucleotides and how they
affected biological processes.
-beneficial to medicine and advanced the evolutionary study of how
we develop biological reflex, cognition, affect and other functions of
the human body

Question 21

Neurophilosophy

Answer 21

dependent on the findings of
neuroscience/neurology to explain free will, common sense,
conscientiousness as they are distinctly connected to our brain
physiology and functioning

Question 22

Together with hydrogen form water,
which is the primary solvent found in the body and is used to regulate
temperature and osmotic pressure. Oxygen is found in many key
organic compounds.

Answer 22

Oxygen (O) - 65%

Question 23

Has four bonding sites for other atoms,
which makes it the key atom for organic chemistry. Carbon chains are
used to build carbohydrates, fats, nucleic acids, and proteins. Breaking
bonds with carbon are an energy source

Answer 23

Carbon (C) - 18%

Question 24

Hydrogen is found in water and in all organic
molecules

Answer 24

Hydrogen (H) - 10%

Question 25

Found in proteins and in the nucleic
acids that make up the genetic code

Answer 25

Nitrogen (N) - 3%

Question 26

The most abundant mineral in the
body. It’s used as a structural material in bones, but it is essential for
protein regulation and muscle contraction.

Answer 26

Calcium (Ca) - 1.5%

Question 27

Found in the molecule ATP,
which is the primary energy carrier in cells. It’s also found in bone

Answer 27

Phosphorus (P) - 1.0%

Question 28

an important electrolyte. It’s
used to transmit nerve impulses and heartbeat regulation

Answer 28

Potassium (K) - 0.35%

Question 29

Two amino acids include sulfur. The bonds
sulfur forms help gives proteins the shape they need to perform their
functions.

Answer 29

Sulfur (S) - 0.25%

Question 30

An important electrolyte. Like
potassium, it is used for nerve signaling. Sodium is one of the
electrolytes that helps regulate the amount of water in the body

Answer 30

Sodium (Na) - 0.15%

Question 31

important
negatively-charged ion (anion) used to maintain fluid balance.

Answer 31

Chlorine (Cl)- 0.15%

Question 32

Involved in over 300
metabolic reactions. It’s used to build the structure of muscles and
bones and is an important cofactor in enzymatic reactions

Answer 32

Magnesium (Mg) - 0.05%

Question 33

Found in hemoglobin, the molecule
responsible for oxygen transport in red blood cells.

Answer 33

Iron (Fe) - 0.006%

Question 34

The Human Body-Elemental Composition

Answer 34

1. Water 62 %
2. Protein 16 %
3. Fat 16 %
4. Minerals 6 %
   5.Carbohydrates 1%

Question 35

Environmental Conditioning

Answer 35

1. Social Network
2. Societal Expectations
3. Cultural Practices
   -how we take care of our bodies
   -nutrition and sustenance
   -hygienic practices
   -standard of beauty and
   attractiveness

Question 36

Environmental Conditioning

Answer 36

Issues: Meeting Society’s Standard of
Physical Beauty, Body Type
Consciousness, Eating Disordersbulimia & anorexia nervosa, Cosmetic
Surgery
“Physical beauty is only skin-deep;
what matters is feeling good about
ourselves and embracing a healthy
perception of our physical worth

Question 37

The impact of culture on body image and self

Answer 37

Esteem: The importance of beauty.
Achieving Physical Well-Being
1. Healthy Eating
2. Embracing a Healthy Lifestyle
3. Having the Right Hygiene
4. Confidence ourselves is our best
makeup