B1

Question 1

Sub-cellular

Answer 1

Parts that are smaller than a cell that make them up

Question 2

What is inside a Permanant Vacuole

Answer 2

Has sap stored within

Question 3

Cell membrane

Answer 3

Partially permiable allowing some substances to diffuse through it but not others

Question 4

Nucleas function

Answer 4

Contain genetic information . Control the activities of the cell

Question 5

Ribosomes function

Answer 5

Where protien synthesis occurs

Question 6

Chloroplasts function

Answer 6

To contain chlorophyll that absorbs sunlight. Also is where photosynthesis occurs

Question 7

Permanant Vacuole

Answer 7

Contains sap to keep the cell turgid , stores water and nutrients , breaks down waste products

Question 8

Cell wall function

Answer 8

Contains cellulose and provides strength to support the cell

Question 9

Chemical equation of photosynthesis

Answer 9

Carbon + water —– Sunlight —– Glucose + oxygen

Question 10

Flaccid

Answer 10

When the vacuole has no access to water

Question 11

Which two plant cells don’t have chloroplasts

Answer 11

Root hair cell , Inner stem cell

Question 12

examples of a specialised cell

Answer 12

Muscle , Nerve cells , root hair cell , xylem cell , spirm cell , phloem cell .

Question 13

Prokaryotic cells do not …

Answer 13

Contain a membrane bound nucleus or any membrane bound sub-cellular structures, DNA is free in cytoplasm

Question 14

Eukaryotic cells have …

Answer 14

Membrane bound nucleus / they have membrane bound structures. DNA is stored in nucleus

Question 15

examples of Prokaryotic cells

Answer 15

Bacteria cell

Question 16

Examples of Eukaryotic cells are

Answer 16

Animals, plant and fungi

Question 17

What are the different ways Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells divise

Answer 17

Prokaryotic - Binary fission
Eukaryotic - mitosis

Question 18

Prokaryotic cells have a cell wall made up of

Answer 18

Peptidoglycan

Question 19

Sub-cellular structures of a bacteria cell

Answer 19

Cell membrane , slime capsule , cell wall , plasmids , flagella , genetic material , cytoplasm.

Question 20

Advantages and disadvantages of light telescopes

Answer 20

Affordable , can view live organism

Not as high resolution , images don’t provide enough detail to distinguish smaller subcellular organells

Question 21

Advantages and disadvantages of an electron microscope

Answer 21

Can’t view live organisms , has to be kept in cirtain conditions

Provides more resolution , image is more detailed

Question 22

Equation for magnification

Answer 22

magnification=

size of image / size of real object

Question 23

Measurements in index notation

Answer 23

https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fslidetodoc.com%2Funits-and-measurement-chemistry-science-3-rd-eso%2F&psig=AOvVaw1RrtlInJvS1qqlhNAv89_P&ust=1719927084142000&source=images&cd=vfe&opi=89978449&ved=0CA8QjRxqFwoTCLiN0ur5hYcDFQAAAAAdAAAAABAZ

Question 24

Resolution

Answer 24

is the degree to which it is possible to distinguish
between two objects that are very close together.

Question 25

Magnification

Answer 25

is the degree to which the size of an image is larger than the image itself

Question 26

Formula for dealing with scale bars

Answer 26

Measured length of scale bar / actual length of scale bar

Question 27

Parts of a microscope

Answer 27

Objective lens , eyepiece lens , stage , stage clips , light , fine focus knob , coarse focus knob ... others to come

Question 28

Resolving power of light and electron microscope

Answer 28

2,000,000x electron . 2000x light microscope

Question 29

Specialised animal cells

Answer 29

Nerve cell , sperm cell , muscle cell , red blood cell

Question 30

Specialised plant cells

Answer 30

Root hair cells , photosynthesis cells , xylem and phloem cells

Question 31

solute and solvent definition

Answer 31

Solute : can dissolve in a liquid Solvent : a liquid a solute can diffues into

Question 32

Dilute solution

Answer 32

The amount of solute relative to the amount of solvent is low

Question 33

Concentrated solution

Answer 33

When the concentration of the solute relative to the solvent is high

Question 34

Definition of diffusion

Answer 34

Diffusion is the net movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an are of low concentration down a concentration gradient until equalibrium is reached

Question 35

Factors effecting diffusion

Answer 35

Temperature , surface area , concentration gradient

Question 36

How does surface area increase diffusion

Answer 36

The particles have more area to diffuse across

Question 37

Net movement

Answer 37

= particles moving in - particles moving out

Question 38

Hypertonic

Answer 38

A solution will be hypertonic to a cell if its solute concentration is higher than that inside the cell

Question 39

Hypotonic

Answer 39

Solution is hypotonic to the cell if the solute concentration outside the cell is lower compared to inside the cell

Question 40

Isotonic

Answer 40

Concentration is the same inside and out of the cell

Question 41

A plant cell will not burst as ..

Answer 41

The cell wall is inelastic

Question 42

Lysis

Answer 42

The process of an animal cell bursting

Question 43

Crenated

Answer 43

The process of an animal or plant cell shrivelling

Question 44

Plasmolise

Answer 44

The cytoplasm pulls away from the cell walland vacuolse has shrunk

Question 45

Flaccid

Answer 45

The vacuold has slightly shrunk . Low turgor pressure

Question 46

Osmosis

Answer 46

Osmosis is the (diffusion) net movement of water from a more dilute solution to a more concentrated solution across a partially permeable membrane

Question 47

Required practical for osmosis think back to the variables

Question 48

Active teansport

Answer 48

Active transport is the movement of dissolved molecules into or out of a cell through the cell membrane, from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration. The particles move against the concentration gradient, using energy released during respiration. Use th accura In so This Sometimes dissolved molecules are at a higher concentration inside the cell than outside, but, because the organism needs these molecules, they still have to be absorbed. Carrier proteins pick up specific molecules and take them through the cell membrane against the concentration gradient.

Question 49

What is the surface are to volume ratio equation

Answer 49

Side length = 1 cm Volume = 1 cm  1 cm  1 cm = 1 cm3 Surface area = 6  (1 cm  1 cm) = 6 cm2 SA : V ratio = 6 : 1

Question 50

What do we know about animals with a larger SA

Answer 50

They have a smaller SA:V ration