B1 + B2

Question 1

Magnification

Answer 1

Making small objects seem larger

Question 2

Resolution

Answer 2

The ability to distinguish two objects from each other

Question 3

Nucleus

Answer 3

Where the DNA is contained

Question 4

Cytoplasm

Answer 4

The gooey substance that fills in the cell and keeps the organelles in place

Question 5

Cell membrane

Answer 5

The membrane of the cell which separates whats in the cell from the outside. If lets certain things in like minerals or oxygen.

Question 6

Mitochondria

Answer 6

Organelles where respiration occurs

Question 7

Ribosomes

Answer 7

Site of protein synthesis

Question 8

Cell wall

Answer 8

Provides strength and support to plant cells

Question 9

Vacuole

Answer 9

Contains a store of food

Question 10

Chloroplast

Answer 10

Traps sunlight energy for photosynthesis

Question 11

Eukaryotic cells

Answer 11

All animal and plant cells

Question 12

Prokaryotic cells

Answer 12

All bacteria cells

Question 13

Plasmid

Answer 13

One circular strand of DNA found in bacteria cells

Question 14

Nerve cell adaptations

Answer 14

Body is longer to reach different parts of the cell, covered in fat to insulate the cell and speed up impulse

Question 15

Muscle cell adaptions

Answer 15

Contains well developed mitochondria to provide energy for the muscle contractions

Question 16

Sperm cell adaptations

Answer 16

Has a tail to swim, layer over the nucleus contains enzymes to penetrate the egg

Question 17

Root hair cell adaptations

Answer 17

Large surface area, thin walls

Question 18

Diffusion

Answer 18

The net random movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

Question 19

Dilute

Answer 19

Make a solution weaker or thinner by adding a solvent to it

Question 20

Concentrated

Answer 20

Having a solution closest to it’s purest form without any form of solvent

Question 21

Osmosis

Answer 21

The net random movement of water from a place with lots of water to a place with less water across a partially permeable membrane

Question 22

Crenated

Answer 22

A state a cell becomes after osmosis when they are in a hypertonic solution

Question 23

SA to V ratio

Answer 23

Surface area to volume ratio

Question 24

Interphase

Answer 24

The first stage of cell division:

• Cell grows in size
• DNA and the organelles are replicated

Question 25

Mitosis

Answer 25

Second stage of the cell cycle: - Chromosomes line up along the centre of the cell - They attach to the spindle fibres - Get pulled to the opposite ends of the cell - And the Nucleus divides in two

Question 26

Cytokinesis

Answer 26

The third stage of the cell cycle: - The cytoplasm and cell membrane replicate - Two new genetically identical daughter cells are formed

Question 27

Stem cell

Answer 27

A cell from which any other cell can be made

Question 28

Plasmolysis

Answer 28

Contraction of a plant cell due to lack of water

Question 29

Turgid

Answer 29

A plant cell that has swollen up due to too much water being in the cell

Question 30

Turgor pressure

Answer 30

The force within a cell that pushes the membrane up against the cell wall

Question 31

Active transport

Answer 31

The process in which molecules move from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration across a partially permeable membrane. The body gives ATP energy and carrier proteins in the cell membrane to make it work

Question 32

Embryonic stem cell

Answer 32

A stem cell that can form any cell in the body and comes from an embryo

Question 33

Adult stem cell

Answer 33

A stem cell from an adult person that can only become the type of cell from where it came from

Question 34

Therapeutic Cloning

Answer 34

The process of creating stem cells with the same genes as the patient: - take nucleus out of human egg cell - put the nucleus of the patient's cell in the egg cell - stimulate the egg cell so it divides into an embryo - take stem cells from the embryo after 4-5 days - stem cells grown in a container of warm nutrients - stem cells treated to develop type of cell suited for the patient

Question 35

Hypertonic solution

Answer 35

High solute concentration

Question 36

Hypotonic solution

Answer 36

Higher water concentration than another solution

Question 37

Isotonic solution

Answer 37

Both solutions have an equal concentration of solutes