B1 cells Flashcards
(12 cards)
What is a eukaryotic cell?
-large and complex
-animal and plant cells
-cell membrane, cytoplasm
-genetic material is enclosed in a nucleus
What is a prokaryotic cell?
-small and simple
-bacteria cells
-cell membrane and cell wall
-circular strand of DNA
-may have plasmids (small rings of DNA)
What is differentiation?
When a cell acquires different sub-cellular structures to allow it to perform a certain function
What is an electron microscope?
It’s a microscope that uses an electron beam to study cells in much finer detail. Have much higher magnification and resolving power than a light microscope
What is resolution/ resolving power?
The ability to see clear detail by distinguishing between two close points on an image
What is the equation for magnification?
Size of real image / size of real object
What is mitosis?
One copy of each chromosome is pulled to each end and the nucleus divides. This is followed by the cytoplasm and cell membrane dividing to form two genetically identical cells
What is a stem cell?
An undifferentiated cell of an organism which is capable of giving rise to many more cells of the same type and from which other cells can arise from differentiation
What is diffusion?
The net movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to lower concentration. Diffusion occurs down a concentration gradient
What is osmosis?
The diffusion of water molecules from a dilute to concentrated solution through a partially permeable membrane
What is active transport?
Particles move from a dilute solution to a more concentrated solution through a partially permeable membrane. Particles move against concentration gradient so needs energy.
When is the rate of diffusion faster?
-steeper concentration gradient
-higher temperature
-larger surface area
-short diffusion pathway
