B1 To B4 Biology Words

Question 1

Auxins

Answer 1

Plant hormones which control and coordinate growth at tips of shoots and roots.

Question 2

Phototropic

Answer 2

Grow towards the light

Question 3

Gravitrophic

Answer 3

Grow toward gravity

Question 4

Gibberellins

Answer 4

Plant hormones that break dormancy and allow seeds to germinate.

Question 5

Dormancy

Answer 5

Seeds won’t germinate until they’ve been through certain conditions. This period is called dormancy.

Question 6

Meristems

Answer 6

Plant tissue where cells that divide by mitosis are found.

Question 7

Specialised cells

Answer 7

Cells that have differentiated to perform a special function.

Question 8

Gametes

Answer 8

Contain half number of chromosomes of normal cells, produce by mother and father in sexual reproduction.

( sperm and egg)

Question 9

Zygote

Answer 9

Name of fertilised egg produced at fertilisation when a female gamete and a male gamete fuse.

Question 10

Meiosis

Answer 10

Type of cell division that happens in the reproductive organs.

Question 11

Subcellular structure

Answer 11

Mitochondria and ribosomes

Question 12

Aerobic respiration

Answer 12

Transferring of energy from the breakdown of glucose.

Happens when there is plenty of oxygen

Question 13

Anaerobic respiration

Answer 13

Transferring of energy from the breakdown of glucose. Happens without oxygen.

Question 14

Greenhouse gases

Answer 14

Gases naturally trapped in the atmosphere, helps keep the earth warm.

(Methane, CO2)

Question 15

Decomposition

Answer 15

Waste products and dead organisms broken down .

Question 16

Water cycle

Answer 16

Water is endlessly recycled.

Question 17

Transpiration

Answer 17

The loss of water from a plant, caused by evaporation and diffusion.

Question 18

Precipitation

Answer 18

Water falling from clouds (rain, snow, hail)

Question 19

Ecosystem

Answer 19

A community of living organisms in an area.

Question 20

Carbon

Answer 20

Important element in the materials that living things are made from.

Question 21

Lipids

Answer 21

Fats and oils, made by joining fatty acids and glycerol.

Question 22

Biomass

Answer 22

The mass of living material.

Can be thought of as the energy stored in a plant.

Question 23

Egestion

Answer 23

Getting rid of undirected food (eg animals faeces)

Question 24

Pyramid of biomass

Answer 24

Model to show how the biomass changes.

Shows the mass of living material at each trophies level.

Question 25

Pyramid of number

Answer 25

Show the number of organisms at each stage of the food chain

Question 26

Producer

Answer 26

Producers make their own food using energy from the sun. Always start of a food chain.

Question 27

Primary consumers

Answer 27

Herbivores that eat producers

Question 28

Secondary consumers

Answer 28

Eat primary consumers, carnivores.

Question 29

Tertiary consumers

Answer 29

Eat secondary consumers, carnivores.

Question 30

Trophies levels

Answer 30

Each stage of the food change is called a trophic level. Producers are the first trophic level.

Question 31

Interdependence

Answer 31

All species in a food web are interdependent, they depend on each other for survival.

Question 32

Abiotic factors

Answer 32

Temperature, moisture level, light intensity, soil pH, toxic chemicals

Question 33

Biotic factors

Answer 33

Availability of food, number of predators, presence of pathogens.

Question 34

Indicator species

Answer 34

Some organisms are sensitive to changes in their environment and can be studied to see how polluted an area is.

Question 35

Ecosystems - individual

Answer 35

A single organism

Question 36

Ecosystems - population

Answer 36

All the organisms of one species in a habitat

Question 37

Ecosystems - community

Answer 37

All the organisms living in a habitat.

Question 38

Ecosystem

Answer 38

A community of organisms along with all the non-living conditions

Question 39

Seed disperses

Answer 39

Animals that eat fruit and spread the seeds in their droppings

Question 40

Potometer

Answer 40

A special piece of apparatus used to measure water uptake by a plant.

Question 41

Stomata

Answer 41

Tiny pores on the surface of a plant which allow CO2 and oxygen to diffuse directly in and out of a leaf.

Question 42

Guard cells

Answer 42

Surround stomata and change the shape to control the size of the pore.

Question 43

Phloem

Answer 43

Plant transport vessels for transporting food substances.

Question 44

Xylem

Answer 44

Plant transport vessel that take up water and ions

Question 45

Phenolphthalein

Answer 45

A pH indicator that can be used to investigate diffusion.

Question 46

Diffusion

Answer 46

The gradual movement of particles from places where there are lots to places where there are fewer of them.

Question 47

ATP

Answer 47

Substance by during respiration, stores the energy used for essential processes such as making and breaking molecules, active transport.

Question 48

Osmosis

Answer 48

The net movement of water molecules across a partially permeable membrane from a region of high water concentration to a region of lower water concentration.

Question 49

Active transport

Answer 49

Movement of particles across a membrane against a concentration using energy transferred during respiration.

Question 50

Photosynthesis

Answer 50

Green plants use energy from the sun to make glucose. (Endothermic)

Question 51

Enzymes

Answer 51

Catalysts produced by living things.

Question 52

Catalyst

Answer 52

A substance which increases the speed of a reaction, without being used up or changed in the reaction.