B1 Topic 2 Flashcards
What are the five Kingdoms?
Animals(All multicellular) Plants(All green plants) Fungi(Mushrooms.etc) Prokaryotes(Bacteria.etc) Protoctists(Chlorella.etc)
How can living things be ranked?
They can be ranked further according to: phylum class order family genus species
How are organisms classified as vertebrates?
Vertebrates are animals with backbones. They can be classified according to their features, and include bony fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals.
How are organisms classified as invertebrates?
Invertebrates are animals without backbones. They include annelids, nematodes, molluscs and arthropods.
Characteristics of Bony fish
Bony fish absorb oxygen through their gills and they have wet scales. Their body temperature varies according to their surroundings. Bony fish reproduce by external fertilisation and lay eggs (they are oviparous).
Characteristics of Amphibians
Amphibians usually have lungs but they can also absorb oxygen through their moist skin. Their body temperature also varies according to their surroundings. Amphibians also reproduce by external fertilisation and lay eggs.
Characteristics of Reptiles
Reptiles have lungs and dry scales. As with bony fish and amphibians, their body temperature varies according to their surroundings. However, reptiles reproduce by internal fertilisation and lay eggs.
Characteristics of Birds
Birds have lungs, feathers and beaks. They can maintain their body temperature (organisms that do this are called homeotherms). Like reptiles, birds reproduce by internal fertilisation and lay eggs.
Characteristics of Mammals
Mammals have lungs and fur. Like birds, they can maintain their body temperature. Mammals reproduce by internal fertilisation and they give birth to live young (they are viviparous).
What is Oviparous?
Internal or external fertilisation, in other words they lay their own eggs
What is Viviparous?
Is when they give birth to live young
What is Homeotherm?
They are Warm-blooded Animals
What is Poikilotherm?
Means its internal temperature varies considerably. It is the opposite of a homeotherm
What are Species?
Organisms of the same species:
- -> have more characteristics in common than they do with organisms of a different species
- -> can interbreed to produce fertile offspring.
What is adaptation?
Means how a living organisms has changed to its surrondings
