B11 - hormonal coordination

Question 1

what is the endocrine system composed of?

Answer 1

glands which secrete chemicals called hormones directly into the bloodstream

Question 2

Where does blood carry the hormones?

Answer 2

Blood carries the hormone to a target organ where it produces an effect

Question 3

Endocrine system vs nervous system

Answer 3

Compared to the nervous system the effects are slower but act for longer

Question 4

the pituitary gland is found in the

Answer 4

Brain

Question 5

what does the pituitary gland do?

Answer 5

It is a ‘master gland’ which secretes several hormones into the blood in response to body conditions. These hormones in turn act on other glands to stimulate other hormones to be released to bring about effects

Question 6

blood glucose concentration is monitored and controlled by the

Answer 6

Pancreas

Question 7

What happens If the blood glucose concentration is too high

Answer 7

The pancreas produces the hormone insulin that causes glucose to move from the blood into the cells

Question 8

What happens in the liver and muscle cells?

Answer 8

Excess glucose is converted into glycogen for storage

Question 9

What is type 1 diabetes?

Answer 9

a disorder in which the pancreas fails to produce sufficient insulin . Characterised by uncontrolled high blood glucose levels

Question 10

What is type 1 diabetes treated by ?

Answer 10

insulin injection

Question 11

What is type 2 diabetes ?

Answer 11

The body cells no longer respond to insulin produced by the pancreas

Question 12

How to treat type 2 diabetes?

Answer 12

A carbohydrate controlled diet and exercise regime

Question 13

What is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes ?

Answer 13

Obesity

Question 14

What happens if the blood glucose concentration is too low?

Answer 14

The pancreas produces the hormone glucagon

Question 15

oral contraceptives

Answer 15

Contain hormones to inhibit FSH production so that no eggs mature

Question 16

Injection implant or skin patch

Answer 16

Slow release progesterone to inhibit maturation and release of eggs for a number of months or years

Question 17

Spermicidal agents

Answer 17

Kill or disable sperm

Question 18

Barrier method such as condoms and diaphragms

Answer 18

prevent sperm reaching the egg

Question 19

intrauterine devices

Answer 19

Prevent the implantation of an embryo or release a hormone

Question 20

Abstaining from intercourses when

Answer 20

An egg may be in the oviduct

Question 21

Surgical methods of

Answer 21

Male and female sterilisation

Question 22

IVF involves giving a mother FSH and LH to ?

Answer 22

Stimulate the maturation of several eggs

Question 23

The eggs are collected from the mother and ?

Answer 23

Fertilised by sperm from the father in the laboratory

Question 24

the fertilised eggs develop into?

Answer 24

embryos

Question 25

At the stage where they are tiny balls of cells what happens?

Answer 25

One or two embryos are inserted into the mothers uterus (womb)

Question 26

Although fertility treatment gives a woman a chance to have a baby of her own , the negatives are:

Answer 26

-it is very emotionally and physically stressful -the success rates are not high -it can lead to multiple births which are both a risk for babies and the mother

Question 27

Adrenaline is produced by?

Answer 27

Adrenal glands in times of fear or stress

Question 28

What does adrenaline do?

Answer 28

it increases the heart rate and boosts the delivery of oxygen and glucose to the Brain and muscles

Question 29

What does adrenaline prepare body for?

Answer 29

fight or flight

Question 30

thyroxine from the thyroid gland does what?

Answer 30

Stimulates the basal metabolic rate. It plays a part In growth and development

Question 31

Thyroxine levels are controlled by

Answer 31

Negative feedback