B11 (Hormonal Coordination) Flashcards
What is the Endocrine System
These are glands that contain chemicals called hormones. Hormones target organs for effect
Pituitary Gland
Controls Growth
- FSH, LH
Thyroid
Metabolic rate
Pancreas
Controls glucose in the blood
Adrenaline
In kidneys prepares for stressful situations
Ovaries
Controls development of female sexual characteristics
- oestrogen + progesterone
Testes
Controls male sexual characteristics
ADH
Controls amount of urine in kidneys
TSH
Stimulates thyroid gland
Oesteogen
Female sex hormone
Thyroxine
Controls rate of metabolism
Insulin
Controls blood glucose (decreases it)
Glucagon
Controls blood glucose (increases it)
What happens if blood glucose is too high
- insulin released in the pancreas
- glucose taken in by cells
- glucose converted go glycogen in liver
- returns to normal
What happens if blood glucose too low
- pancreas releases glucagon
- glycogen broken down into glucose
- amino acids broken down
- returns to normal level
Type 1 diabetes
- pancreas doesn’t make enough insulin to control glucose levels
- no glucose meaning weight loss and fatigue
Type 2 diabetes
- body stops responding to insulin
- high sugar levels and obesity
- sedimentary lifestyle
Menstrual Cycle (4 stages)
- 28 day cycle
- 4 days blood released
- lining builds up
- day 14 egg released
FOLP + explanation
FSH- helps mature egg
Oestrogen- brings about stimulation of ovaries
LH- controls the ovulation and release egg
Progesterone- increases lining
Testosterone
Male sex hormone stimulates sperm
Lack of Ovulation
Woman not enough FSH so put in artificial put in
IVF (In Vitro Treatment)
- damage or blocked oviduct
- donor cells or donar sperm cells
How doctors help
- FSH to help mature egg
- eggs fertilise in lab and kept in solution to develop embroys
Adv/disadv of fertility treatment
Adv:
- more chance of biological children, save embryos for later time
Disadv:
- very expensive, not alway successful, health issues, more children then expected, ethical issues
