B1.1 Keeping Healthy Flashcards
(40 cards)
What is Metabolic rate?
The rate of chemical reactions in the cells.
What does sterile mean and how do we sterilise something?
Free of micro-organisms and heat it to 100 degrees C.
What are 6 of the body’s first lines of defence?
Nose hair Stomach acid Trachea Eyelashes and tears Scabs Skin
List the food groups.
Carbohydrates, protein, fats, dairy and fibre.
What do we need a small amount of?
Vitamins and minerals .
What are the main three food groups in our diets?
Carbohydrates, fats and proteins.
Why are proteins needed by our bodies?
For growth, repair and for building cells.
State two things that metabolic rate is affected by.
The proportion of muscle to fat in the body.
The amount of exercise we do.
How do you calculate BMI ( Body Mass Index) ?
Mass(kg)/ height cm2
What happens when plaque (hardened fat) builds up on the arteries?
It narrows the lumen, therefore blocking the circulations natural flow. Maybe causing heart disease.
Give a definition of metabolic rate.
The rate a chemical reaction happens in your cells.
What can change metabolic rate?
Age Gender Genetics The amount of exercise The proportion of muscle to fat in the body
How do you calculate BMI?
Mass(kg) divided by height(m)
What is a phagocyte?
A white blood cell that engulfs pathogens.
What is a lymphocyte?
A white blood cell that produces anti-bodies.
What is a antigen?
The protein on the surface of the pathogen.
What is a antibody?
It attaches itself to the antigens.
What sort of foods contain high levels of cholesterol?
Animal products
What is cholesterol used for?
Making cell membrane,
Making hormones.
How are tears a first line defence?
They contain lysozyme which has a high salt content which ‘dries up’ the micro-organisms.
What did Ignaz Semmelweis discover? And how did he prevent it?
He discovered that women were getting infected by doctors who were delivering their children causing deaths.
He made doctors wash their hands in chlorine water before examinations.
What is a pathogen?
A bacteria, virus or microorganism that can cause disease.
What do we call conditions without microbes?
Aseptic or sterile.
What do culture media usually contain?
Carbohydrates, mineral ions.
