B1.1.1 - Plant And Animal Cells

Question 1

What are the structures inside a cell called?

Answer 1

Subcellular structures

Question 2

What are the 2 main types of cells called?

Answer 2

Eukaryotic and prokaryotic

Question 3

Which is bigger - eukaryotic or prokaryotic?

Answer 3

Eukaryotic

Question 4

Where do eukaryotic cells keep their genetic material?

Answer 4

Nucleus

Question 5

Where is the genetic material in a prokaryotic cell?

Answer 5

Cytoplasm

Question 6

What is the size range for eukaryotic cells?

Answer 6

10 micro meters - 100 micro meters

Question 7

What is the size range for prokaryotic cells?

Answer 7

1 micro meter - 10 micro meters

Question 8

What are the functions of the nucleus?

Answer 8

• controls the activities of the cell
• contain the organism’s genetic material
• contain instructions to make new cells or organisms

Question 9

What is a eukaryotic cell’s genetic material organised as?

Answer 9

Chromosomes

Question 10

What determines a cell’s appearance and functions

Answer 10

Chromosomes

Question 11

What is the cytoplasm?

Answer 11

A ‘jelly-like’ substance where chemical reactions occur to keep the cell alive

Question 12

Name the features and functions of mitochondrion

Answer 12

• where respiration occurs
• where special protein molecules (enzymes) enable glucose and oxygen to react together
• this transfers vital energy to the organism

Question 13

What allows oxygen and glucose to react together?

Answer 13

Special protein molecules (enzymes)

Question 14

What 2 reactants create very important energy for its organism?

Answer 14

Glucose and oxygen

Question 15

What is the cell membrane?

Answer 15

• A selective barrier that controls which substances pass into and out of the cell
• it contains receptor molecules

Question 16

What are receptor molecules?

Answer 16

These send a signal to nerve cells when stimulated

Question 17

What extra sub cellular structures do plant cells need?

Answer 17

• A cell wall
• chloroplasts
• vacuole

Question 18

What do chloroplasts contain?

Answer 18

Chlorophyll

Question 19

What does chlorophyll do?

Answer 19

Transfer energy from the Sun to the plant as light (used in photosynthesis)

Question 20

What parts of the plant are chloroplasts in?

Answer 20

Only the green parts

Leaves

Question 21

What is a cell wall?

Answer 21

• surrounds the cell
• supports the cell
• makes the plant rigid and stable

Question 22

What is a cell wall in plant cells made of?

Answer 22

A tough fibre called cellulose

Question 23

What does the vacuole do?

Answer 23

• Helps the cell stay rigid
• supporting the plant
• keeping it upright

Question 24

What is the vacuole filled with?

Answer 24

A watery solution of sugars and salts

Question 25

Why do root cells not need chloroplasts?

Answer 25

They do not need access to the sun and can get nutrients from the soil surrounding it

Question 26

Are algae eukaryotic or prokaryotic?

Answer 26

Eukaryotic