B12 Organisms and their environment

Question 1

principle source of energy

Answer 1

sun

Question 2

define food chain

Answer 2

showing the transfer of energy from one organism to the text, beginning with a producer

Question 3

define food web

Answer 3

network of interconnected food chains

Question 4

define ecosystem

Answer 4

unit containing all the organisms and their environment

Question 5

define trophic level

Answer 5

position of an organism in a food chain or food web

Question 6

define producer

Answer 6

organism that makes its own organic nutrients, usually from sunlight through photosynthesis

Question 7

define consumer

Answer 7

organism that gets is energy from consuming other organisms

Question 8

define herbivore

Answer 8

organism that gets its energy by eating plants

Question 9

define carnivore

Answer 9

organisms that gets its energy by eating other animals

Question 10

define decomposer

Answer 10

organism that gets its energy from dead or waste organic matter

Question 11

describe how energy is transferred between trophic levels

Answer 11

energy enters the ecosystem by light energy
it is passed along the food chain as chemical energy
energy leaves the ecosystem by heat energy, from respiration

Question 12

explain why there are usually no more than 5 trophic levels

Answer 12

lack of energy, shorter the food chain, less energy lost in the environment