Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Biology > B.1.3 Respiration > Flashcards

B.1.3 Respiration Flashcards

carbohydrates, proteins and lipids (76 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

what is metabolism?

A

is the chemical reactions in the body’s cell that change food into energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what do you need when your active?

A

energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what do chemical reactions in your cells do?

A

transfer energy from its chemical stores into food

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

why does the body need carbohydrates(sugar)?

A

because glucose or blood sugar is the main source of energy for cells and organs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

why does are body need carbohydrates(starch)?

A

it is a good source of energy and a main source of energy and a main source of a range of nutrients

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

why does the body need proteins?

A

they break down into amino acids that help the body grow and repair

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

why does the body need fats?

A

it stores energy as insulation and to make cell membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what foods are carbohydrates(sugar) found in?

A

sweets
fruits
desserts
veg
processed foods

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what foods are carbohydrates(starch) found in?

A

potatoes
pasta
rice
bread
cereal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what foods are proteins found in?

A

meat
dairy
fish
eggs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what foods are fats found in?

A

animal fats
butter
milk
cheese

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what are polymers?

A

very large molecules the large molecule are made from many smaller molecules (monomers) joined together

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what monomers make carbohydrates?

A

glucose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what monomers make proteins?

A

amino acids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what monomers make fats?

A

glycerol + fatty acids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

how does the body use carbohydrates?

A

provides energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

how does the body use proteins?

A

growth and repairs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

how does the body use fats?

A

insulates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what is the name of the enzyme used to break down carbohydrates?

A

carbohydrase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what is the name of the enzyme used to break down proteins?

A

protease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what is the name of the enzyme used to break down fats?

A

lipase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what is the food test called for sugar?

A

benedict’s test

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what is the food test called for starch?

A

iodine test

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what is the food test called for proteins?

A

biuret test

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
what is the food test called for lipids?
Sudan III test
26
what chemicals are used to carry out the test for starch?
iodine solution
27
what chemicals are used to carry out the test for sugars?
benedict's reagent
28
what chemicals are used to carry out the test for fats?
ethanol and distilled water
29
what chemicals are used to carry out the test for protein?
sodium hydroxide solution and copper sulphate solution
30
what colour change would happen if starch was present?
it would turn blue/black
31
what colour change would happen if sugar was present?
it would turn green/yellow/orange/red
32
what colour change would happen if lipids were present?
cloudy white
33
what colour change would happen if proteins were present?
purple
34
what is respiration?
the chemical reaction that takes place within the mitochondria an organelle in every cell to provide us with energy
35
what is breathing?
the physical action of inhaling the oxygen our cells need for respiration and exhaling carbon dioxide a toxic waste product of respiration
36
what is an importance substance that contains stored chemical energy?
glucose from digested carbohydrates
37
what happens when glucose reacts with oxygen?
a lot of energy is released . this energy is then used by the cells and some is released by heat and new molecules are also formed
38
what is aerobic respiration?
the process of releasing energy through the oxidation of glucose molecules
39
what is oxidation?
a chemical process that involves the gain of oxygen. In aerobic respiration glucose molecules gain oxygen when we inhale(breath in)
40
what is the aerobic respiration equation?
glucose + oxygen ---> carbon dioxide + water
41
why does the body break down glucose?
to release energy in a process called respiration
42
what is the chemical equation for respiration?
C6H1206 +6O2 --->6CO2 + 6H20(ATP)
43
what do cells use as an immediate source of energy?
small molecules called adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
44
how do larger molecules synthesise from smaller ones to make new cell material?
plants make amino acids from sugars, nitrates and other nutrients. In turn the amino acids from protein
45
what do animals use for movement?
they use ATP to contract muscle cells enabling the organisms to move
46
what do animals do when there surroundings are colder than they are?
they increase their rate of respiration
47
what does increasing their rate of respiration do?
it transfers more energy by heating so that they can keep their body at a constant temperature
48
where does respiration occur?
aerobic respiration occurs all the time in plant and animal cells
49
what does aerobic respiration respiration provide?
provides organisms with a constant supply of energy
50
where does respiration take place?
inside the mitochondria of a cell
51
what is each chemical reaction that takes place during respiration controlled by?
a specific enzyme
52
what does the number of mitochondria in a cell tell you?
how active a cell is
53
what type of reaction is respiration?
an exothermic reaction
54
why is respiration an exothermic reaction?
because during the process of respiration energy is transferred to the surroundings by heating
55
in a marathon Mr Hist drinks Lucozade and Miss Martin drinks water. who will do better and why?
in a marathon Mr Hist will do better because he will have more energy available during the run because the Lucozade is providing him with more glucose than the water Miss Martin is drinking. The glucose is broken down by respiration to release energy
56
why does our heart rate increase as we do more exercise?
because our hearts have to beat faster so that our cells get the oxygen they need as quickly as possible.
57
why do our cells need more oxygen and more nutrients?
because our cells are doing more work to produce the energy we need
58
what is respiration?
the process that releases energy from food
59
what is oxygen?
needed to release energy from glucose in the body
60
what is carbon dioxide?
a poisonous waste product made when energy is released from food
61
what is energy?
needed by our body to do everything
62
when does anaerobic respiration occur?
when our cells don't receive enough oxygen
63
what is the word equation for anaerobic respiration?
glucose--->lactic acid
64
what happens when there is a lack of oxygen?
glucose is only partially broken down so less ATP is produced
65
what does the production of lactic acid cause?
cramps and muscle fatigue
66
after exercise why does our heart beat faster?
to transport lactic acid to liver to be broken down
67
why do we breath heavily after exercise?
so that enough oxygen can be taken in to break down the lactic acid
68
what is the extra oxygen needed called ?
an oxygen debt
69
what is the equation for anaerobic respiration in bacteria?
glucose ---> ethanol + carbon dioxide
70
what is the chemical equation for anaerobic respiration in bacteria?
C6H12O6--->2C2H5OH+CO2
71
when does anaerobic respiration take place?
when no oxygen is available
72
what does anaerobic respiration in microorganisms produce?
ethanol and carbon dioxide
73
how can yeast respire without oxygen?
by using anaerobic respiration
74
when yeast carries out fermentation what does it feed off?
a sugar called glucose
75
what is fermentation used in?
alcohol, winemaking and brewing
76

Biology (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions