B17 Nervous system Flashcards

1
Q

What is the function of the nervous system?

A

Enables humans to react to their surroundings
Coordinate behaviour

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2
Q

Name the organs found in the central nervous system

A

Brain

and

Spinal cord

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3
Q

Define the term stimulus

A

A change in the environment that is detected by a receptor

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4
Q

Name the organ that contains receptors that detect gases in the air

A

Nose

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5
Q

Name the organ that contains receptor detecting light

A

Eye

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6
Q

Name the organ that contains receptors that detect pain

A

Skin

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7
Q

Name the neurone that carries an electrical impulse from the receptor to the central nervous system

A

Sensory neurone

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8
Q

Name the type of cell shown in the picture

A

Motor neurone

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9
Q

What is the function of the CNS?

A

Central nervous system

Coordiantes the response to a stimulus

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10
Q

What passes along the neurones in the nervous system?

A

Electrical impulses

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11
Q

Give the sequence of events tin the nervous system

A

Stimulus -> Receptor -> Coordinator -> Effector -> Response

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12
Q

How does a stimulus lead to a response being carried out by the body?

A

Stimulus is converted into an electrical impulse by the receptor

Electrical impulse passes along sensory neurone to central nervous system

The CNS coordinates a response

Electrical impulse passes along a motor neurone to an effector

Effector carries out a response

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13
Q

What is the fucntion of the sensory neurone?

A

Carries electtrical impulses from the stimulus to the spainl cord

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14
Q

Give the fucntion of a motor neurone

A

Carries electrical impusles from the central nervous system to the coordinator

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15
Q

The diagram shows the central nervous system

Name organ A and B

A

A = brain

B = Spinal cord

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16
Q

What is a reflex action?

A

Automatic and rapid response

which does not involve conscious input from the brain

17
Q

Why are reflex action s important?

A

Aid survival by preventing damage to the body

18
Q

Name two effectors

A

Muscles and glands

19
Q

What is the function of the motor neurone

A

Carries an electrical impulse from the central nervous system to the effector

20
Q

Name the gap between 2 neurones

A

Synapse

21
Q

Name the type of neurone found in the coordinator

A

Relay neurone

22
Q

How does the electrical impulse cross the synapse/

A

A chemical is released from the first neurone.
The chemical diffuses across the synapse
An electrical impulse starts in the next neurone

23
Q

Name the organ that detects sound waves

A

Ear

24
Q

Name the three neurones found in the nervous system

A

Senosry neurone

Relay neurone

Motor neurone

25
Q

Describe the sequence of events that happens in this refex arc

A

Hand touches hot pan

Heat receptors in skin detect the heat

Electrical impulses sent along sensory neurone to spinal cord

Electrical impulse send along relay neurone

Electrical imulse send along motor neurone

Muscle contracts and moves hand away from hot pan

Brain is informed that the hand has moved

26
Q

The diagram show a reflex arc

Name the structure labelled D

A

Muscle

27
Q

The diagram show a reflex arc

Name the neurone labelled C

A

Motor neurone

28
Q

The diagram show a reflex arc

Name the neurone labelled A

A

Sensory neurone