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Flashcards in B1.8 - Evolution Deck (13)
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1
Q

What is Darwin’s Theory of Evolution?

A

All species of living things have evolved from simple life forms that first developed more the 3 billion years ago

2
Q

Why was Darwin’s theory only gradually accepted?

A
  • It challenged creationism and religion
  • There was insufficient evidence at the time to convince scientists
  • the mechanism of inheritance and variation was not known
3
Q

What was Lamarck’s theory of evolution?

A

The idea that changes that occur in an organism to allow it to adapt to its environment during its lifetime can be inherited.

4
Q

Why do we now know that Lamarck’s theory is incorrect?

A

We now understand evolution and how Darwin’s theory is correct and we know how genes and inheritance work

5
Q

What us used to represent the relationships between organisms?

A

Evolutionary trees/models

6
Q

What are the processes of natural selection?

A
  • individual organisms may show a wide rage of variation
  • individuals with characteristics most suited tot heir environment are most likely to survive and breed
  • the genes that have enabled these individuals to survive are then passed on
7
Q

When did the first eukaryotes evolve?

A

2 billion years ago

8
Q

When did the first multi cellular organisms evolve?

A

1 billion years ago

9
Q

When did the first land plants and fungi evolve?

A

450 million years ago

10
Q

When did the dinosaurs evolve?

A

220 million years ago

11
Q

When did the first modern mammals evolve?

A

45 million years ago

12
Q

When did the first homosapiens and neanderthals evolve?

A

200,000 years ago

13
Q

What happens when new forms of a gene result from mutation?

A

There may be a relatively rapid change in a species if the environment changes