B2 Cells

Question 1

What is the function of the nucleus?

Answer 1

It contains genetic material (chromosomes of DNA) and controls activity of the cell

Question 2

What is the function of the cell wall?

Answer 2

Supports the cell

Question 3

What is the function on the cytoplasm?

Answer 3

Site where most chemical process take place

Question 4

What is the function of chloroplasts?

Answer 4

Contain chlorophyll to conduct photosynthesis

Question 5

What is the function of the vacuoles?

Answer 5

It is filled with cell sap to keep the cell turgid

Question 6

What is the function of the cell membrane?

Answer 6

Controls movement of substances in and out of cells

Question 7

What is the function of ciliated cells and their adaptations?

Answer 7

Push and move mucus from one place to another.

Have ‘cilia’ which are like tiny hairs to allow mucus to move easily.

Question 8

What is the function of root hair cells and their adaptations?

Answer 8

Absorb water and minerals.

Are long and thin to increase surface area and rate of diffusion

Question 9

What is the function of palisade mesophyll cells and their adaptations?

Answer 9

Where majority of photosynthesis takes place.

Has a lot of chloroplasts.

Question 10

What is the function of red blood cells and their adaptations?

Answer 10

Carry oxygen

No nucleus to increase space for oxygen

Question 11

What is the function of sperm cells and their adaptations?

Answer 11

Fertilize egg cell to create genetic material

Long tail for swimming

Question 12

What is the function of egg cells and their adaptations?

Answer 12

Join with male cell and provide nutrients for the embryo

Lots of cytoplasm

Question 13

How do you calculate the magnification of biological specimens with & without a microscope?

Answer 13

With: eyepiece lens x objective lens
Without: drawing size ÷ object size

Question 14

What is diffusion?

Answer 14

It is the net movement of particles from a region of high concentration to low concentration down a concentration gradient.

Question 15

What is osmosis?

Answer 15

It is the net movement of water molecules from a region of high water potential to low water potential through a partially permeable membrane.

Question 16

Where does diffusion and osmosis happen in cells?

Answer 16

Cell membrane

Question 17

What factors affect diffusion?

Answer 17

Temperature, surface area, distance, concentration gradient

Question 18

What does it mean when a cell is turgid?

Answer 18

When water gets inside the cell and into the vacuole so the vacuole expands

Question 19

What does it mean when a cell is normal?

Answer 19

When water gets in and out a cell regularly so the vacuole stays normal

Question 20

What does it mean when a cell is flaccid?

Answer 20

When water gets out of the cell so the vacuole contracts

Question 21

What does it mean when a cell is plasmolyzed?

Answer 21

When so much water gets out of the vacuole so the cell membrane contracts

Question 22

What is a hypertonic solution?

Answer 22

Lower water potential - more solute

Question 23

What is a hypotonic solution?

Answer 23

Higher water potential - less solute

Question 24

What is an isotonic solution?

Answer 24

Same solute

Question 25

Which cell is turgid, flaccid, normal and plasmolyzed?

Question 26

Why is osmosis important in the uptake of water by plants?

Answer 26

Plants rely on osmosis to obtain water through their roots. Since they have a cell wall, if too much water is taken in, it will become turgid.

Question 27

Why is osmosis important in the uptake of water by animal cells?

Answer 27

If placed in pure water, the cells will burst since they don’t have a cell wall for support.