B2 Cells

Question 1

Describe and compare the structure of a
plant cell with an animal cell

Answer 1

plants have:
rectangular shape
cell wall for structure and support
chloroplasts for photosynthesis
larger vacuoles as they can retain more water without bursting
animals have:
circular shape
more mitochondria for proteins

Question 2

eukaryotes

Answer 2

organisms whose cells possess a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles

plant cells and animal cells

Question 3

prokaryotes

Answer 3

a single-celled organism whose cell lacks a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles

bacteria :cell wall, cell membrane,
cytoplasm, ribosomes, circular DNA,
plasmids

Question 4

function of nucleus

Answer 4

contains the genetic material and controls the cell’s activities

Question 5

function of cell membrane

Answer 5

membrane that surrounds the cell, regulating the passage of substances

Question 6

function of mitochondria

Answer 6

Organelles that are the site for energy production in the cell

Question 7

function of ribosomes

Answer 7

are the site for protein synthesis

Question 8

function of vacuole

Answer 8

stores cell sap and supports the cell

Question 9

function of cytoplasm

Answer 9

gel-like substance within the cell membrane that contains dissolved substances and organelles

Question 10

function of chloroplasts

Answer 10

contains chlorophyll and carries out photosynthesis

Question 11

function of cell wall

Answer 11

rigid outer layer of plant cells made of cellulose that provides support.

Question 12

ciliated cells

Answer 12

– movement of mucus in the
trachea and bronchi

Question 13

root hair cells

Answer 13

absorption

Question 14

palisade mesophyll cells

Answer 14

photosynthesis

Question 15

neurones

Answer 15

conduction of electrical
impulses

Question 16

red blood cells

Answer 16

– transport of oxygen

Question 17

sperm and egg cells (gametes)

Answer 17

reproduction

Question 18

cell

Answer 18

basic building block of all living things. It is the smallest unit capable of carrying out all life processes

Question 19

tissue

Answer 19

group of cells with similar structure and function, working together to perform a specific task

Question 20

organ

Answer 20

structure composed of two or more different tissues

Question 21

organ system

Answer 21

group of organs that work together to perform a major physiological function or meet a specific body need

Question 22

organism

Answer 22

complete living individual, composed of organ systems working together to maintain life

Question 23

magnification equation

Answer 23

magnification = actual size/
image size

Question 24

1mm= ?µm

Answer 24

1000µm