B2 organisation

Question 1

organisation order

Answer 1

cell tissue organ organ system organism

Question 2

tissue

Answer 2

group of similar cells working together to carry out a specific function

Question 3

enzymes

Answer 3

biological catalysts

Question 4

what is the active site

Answer 4

unique shape to fit substrate

Question 5

describe what happens in an enzymatic reaction

Answer 5

enzyme, substrate, active site

Question 6

what is the light intensity calculation

Answer 6

1/distance^2

Question 7

how to make ideal photosynthesis conditionst

Answer 7

artificial light, paraffin heater, fertilisers

Question 8

respiration is…

Answer 8

transforming energy from breakdown of glucose - exo

Question 9

uses of respiration

Answer 9

larger molecules, steady body temp

Question 10

metabolism

Answer 10

chemical reactions in an organism

Question 11

what’re proteins made of

Answer 11

amino acids

Question 12

what’re lipids made of

Answer 12

glycerol and 3 fatty acids

Question 13

where does aerobic respiration occur in cells

Answer 13

mitonchondria

Question 14

photosynthesis molecular formula equation

Answer 14

C6H12O6 + 6O2 = 6CO2 + H2O

Question 15

anaerobic respiration word equation

Answer 15

glucose > lactic acid/ethanol and carbon dioxide

Question 16

on the right side what is the flow of blood

Answer 16

in through vena cava, right atrium then ventricle then up the pulmonary artery

Question 17

on the left side what is the flow of blood

Answer 17

in through pulmonary vein, left atrium and ventricle then through the aorta

Question 18

left ventricle characteristic

Answer 18

oxygen rich blood

thickest muscular wall

Question 19

left atrium characteristics

Answer 19

oxygenated bloody from pulmonary vein

Question 20

right atrium characteristics

Answer 20

received deoxygenated blood from vena carva

Question 21

aorta characteristics

Answer 21

artery

away

Question 22

vena carva characteristics

Answer 22

to hear from body

Question 23

pulmonary vein characteristics

Answer 23

oxygenated blood from heart to lungs

Question 24

pulmonary artery characteristics

Answer 24

blood vessels from right side of heart to lung

Question 25

what’s the test for starch

Answer 25

iodine

Question 26

what colour does iodine turn when starch is and isn’t present

Answer 26

``` is = blue/black isn’t = orange/brown ```

Question 27

test for sugars

Answer 27

benedicts test

Question 28

method of benedicts solution

Answer 28

prepare water baths at 75C and add benedicts solution to crushed sample and leave in water bath

Question 29

what colours does benedicts solution turn iif sugar is present

Answer 29

green/yellow/red

Question 30

test for lipids

Answer 30

sudan 111 or ethanol

Question 31

what happens when lipids are present in sudan 111

Answer 31

a separate red layer on the top of the sample

Question 32

test for proteins

Answer 32

biuret

Question 33

what happens when proteins are present in biuret solution

Answer 33

lilac/ lighter blue

Question 34

no protein present in biuret

Answer 34

dark blue

Question 35

what does plasma contain

Answer 35

``` water proteins ions waste hormones gasses ```

Question 36

what are platelet

Answer 36

fragments of dead cells that help blood clot

Question 37

what do white blood cells do

Answer 37

defence against infection

Question 38

shape of rbc

Answer 38

biconcave disk

Question 39

artery characteristics

Answer 39

elastic fibres strong walls small lumen away from heart

Question 40

capillaries characteristics

Answer 40

close to cell permeable walls 1 cell thick

Question 41

vein characteristics

Answer 41

lower pressure bigger lumen valves to prevent back flow capillaries join to make veins

Question 42

red pigment in rbc

Answer 42

haemaglobin

Question 43

what happens when blood reaches body cells?

Answer 43

diffusion of oxygen into cells and co2 diffused put

Question 44

what keeps the heart supplied with oxygen

Answer 44

coronary arteries

Question 45

what do valves do

Answer 45

prevent back flow

Question 46

where are the lungs

Answer 46

thorax

Question 47

what happens at the alveoli

Answer 47

gas exchange

Question 48

what muscle is around the lungs

Answer 48

intercostal

Question 49

what’s the name of the organs after oesophagus in thorax

Answer 49

bronchiole, bronchus and alveoli

Question 50

how can you investigate breakdown of starch

Answer 50

keep beaker at constant temp and put iodine in every sporting tile add 1cm3 of amylase and a buffer of pH 5 regular intervals put sample into well

Question 51

what needs to be controlled in an amylase investigation

Answer 51

concentration and volume

Question 52

what breaks down carbs

Answer 52

carbohydrase

Question 53

what breaks down starch

Answer 53

amylase

Question 54

why are molecules broken down

Answer 54

too big to fit through digestion system

Question 55

where is amylase made

Answer 55

salivary glands, pancreas and small intestines

Question 56

what breaks down proteins

Answer 56

protease

Question 57

where is protease made

Answer 57

stomach, pancreas and small intestine

Question 58

what breaks down lipids

Answer 58

lipase

Question 59

where is lipase made

Answer 59

pancreas and small intestine

Question 60

what pH is bile

Answer 60

alkaline

Question 61

what does bile do

Answer 61

neutralise stomach acid and emulsified fats

Question 62

where is bile produced

Answer 62

liver

Question 63

where is bile stored

Answer 63

gall bladder

Question 64

what is produced in salivary glands

Answer 64

amylase

Question 65

what happens at the stomach

Answer 65

pummels food produced pepsin hydrochloride acid kills bacteria

Question 66

what happens at liver

Answer 66

bile is produced

Question 67

what happens at hall bladder

Answer 67

bile is stored | released in small intestine

Question 68

what happens at the pancreas

Answer 68

protease, amylase and lipase

Question 69

what happens at large intestine

Answer 69

water absorbed

Question 70

what happens at small intestine

Answer 70

protease, amylase and lipase for complete digestion

Question 71

where are the electrical cells located to keep heart pumping

Answer 71

right atrium

Question 72

what is coronary heart disease

Answer 72

coronary arteries get blocked by layers of fatty material restrict flow heart attack

Question 73

what are stents

Answer 73

tubes inserted inside arteries quick recovery risk of thrombosis

Question 74

what are statins

Answer 74

reduce cholesterol

Question 75

benefits of statins

Answer 75

reduce risk of strokes increase hdl cholesterol reduce risk of other disease

Question 76

drawbacks of statins

Answer 76

long term and taken regularly negative side affects isnt instant

Question 77

what types of artificial heart are there

Answer 77

mechanical, animal and human donor

Question 78

benefits of mechanical heart

Answer 78

less likely to be rejected

Question 79

drawbacks of mechanical heart

Answer 79

``` can lead to bleeding infection can wear out not smooth flow drigs to thin blood ```

Question 80

what is health

Answer 80

state of physical an mental well-being

Question 81

communicable disease

Answer 81

spread from person to person or between animals and people

Question 82

mon communicable

Answer 82

cant spread between people

Question 83

factors affecting health

Answer 83

diet stress lifestyle/situation

Question 84

non communicable disease implications on humans

Answer 84

people die low qol shorter lifespan

Question 85

non communicable disease implications on money

Answer 85

research and treatment is ecpensive | families income reduced

Question 86

risk factors for non communicable diseases

Answer 86

natural substances in body environmental like pollution smoking poor diet

Question 87

what can obesity cause

Answer 87

type 2 diabetes

Question 88

what can excessive alcohol consumption lead to

Answer 88

liver disease | toxic chemicals from gut

Question 89

what causes cancer

Answer 89

carcinogen

Question 90

what is cancer

Answer 90

uncontrollable cell growth

Question 91

characteristics of benign tumour

Answer 91

grows until no room stays in one place not dangerous isn’t cancerous

Question 92

malignant tumour characteristics

Answer 92

grows and spreads to neighbouring tissues secondary tumours dangerous and fatal

Question 93

risk factors for cancer

Answer 93

``` lifestyle obesity UV exposure viral infection Genetics ```

Question 94

what can smoking cause

Answer 94

lung, mouth, bowel and stomach cancer

Question 95

what can UV exposure leas to

Answer 95

skin cancer

Question 96

what disease increases chance of liver cance e

Answer 96

hepatitis B+C | by sharing needles

Question 97

how can genetics increase risk

Answer 97

inherit faulty genes

Question 98

where is lipase made

Answer 98

pancreas | small intestine

Question 99

where does lipase work

Answer 99

small intestine

Question 100

where is protease made

Answer 100

stomach pancreas small intestine s

Question 101

where is protease work

Answer 101

stomach | small intestine

Question 102

where is amylase made

Answer 102

salivary gland pancreas small intestine

Question 103

where does amylase work

Answer 103

mouth | small intestine