B2 Topic 2 - Life Processes Flashcards Preview

Edexcel Biology B2 GCSE > B2 Topic 2 - Life Processes > Flashcards

Flashcards in B2 Topic 2 - Life Processes Deck (26)
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1
Q

Aerobic respiration is the most _________ way to release energy from glucose

A

Efficient

2
Q

Word equation for Aerobic respiration

A

Glucose + Oxygen –> Carbon dioxide + water (+ ENERGY)

3
Q

Diffusion is …

A

The movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration

4
Q

Cardiac output =

A

Heart rate TIMES stroke volume

5
Q

Cardiac output is

A

The volume of blood the heart pumps in one minute

6
Q

Word equation for anaerobic respiration

A

Glucose —> lactic acid

7
Q

What is EPOC

A

Excess Post-exercise Oxygen Consumption

8
Q

Photosynthesis happens inside

A

The chloroplasts

9
Q

Equation for photosynthesis aka the most important equation in the whole of biology so learn it!

A

Carbon Dioxide +water —>glucose + oxygen

10
Q

Leaves are adapted for efficient photosynthesis

A

1) Leaves are broad, so there’s a large surface area exposed to light
2) Leaves contain lots of chlorophyll in chloroplasts to absorb light
3) Leaves at full of little holes called stomata. They open and close to let carbon dioxide and oxygen in and out. They also allow water vapour to escape which is known as transpiration.

11
Q

Factor affecting rate of photosynthesis

A

1) Light concentration
2) Carbon dioxide concentration
3) Temperature

12
Q

Respiration is…

A

The process of breaking down glucose to release energy, which goes on in every living cell

13
Q

1) Not enough light slows down the rate of photosynthesis

A

1) Light provides the energy needed for photosynthesis
2) As the light level is raised, the rate of photosynthesis increases steadily - but only up to a certain point
3) Beyond that, it won’t make any difference - it’ll be either the temperature or the carbon dioxide level which is the limiting factor

14
Q

2) Too little carbon dioxide also slows down the rate of photosynthesis

A

1) Carbon dioxide is one of the raw materials needed for photosynthesis
2) As with light intensity, the concentration of carbon dioxide will only increase the rate of photosynthesis up to a point. After this the graph flattens out to show that carbon dioxide is no longer the limiting factor

15
Q

3) The temperature has to be just right for photosynthesis

A

1) Usually, if the temperature is the limiting factor it’s because it’s too low - the enzymes needed for photosynthesis work more slowly at low temperatures
2) But if the plant gets too hot, the enzymes needed for photosynthesis and its other reactions will be denatured
3) This happens at about 45*C

16
Q

Sodium Hydrogencarbonate can be dissolved in water to give off

A

Carbon dioxide

17
Q

Osmosis is

A

The movement of water molecules across a partially permeable membrane from a region of higher water concentration to an area of lower water concentration

18
Q

Root hairs take in water by

A

Osmosis

19
Q

Root hairs take in minerals using

A

Active transport

20
Q

Active transport

A

Uses energy from respiration to help the plant pull minerals into the root hair against the concentration gradient

21
Q

Xylem tubes

A

Transport water and minerals from the root to the rest of the plant

22
Q

Phloem tubes

A

Transport sugars from the leaves to growing and storage tissues

23
Q

Transpiration is

A

The loss of water from a plant (caused by evaporation and diffusion)

24
Q

Ways to investigate distribution of organisms

A

1) Pooters (for ground insects)
2) Pitfall traps (also for ground insects)
3) Sweep nets (for collecting animals from long grasses)
4) Pond nets
5) Quadrats
6) Belt transect

25
Q

Factors affecting growth

A

1) Light intensity
2) PH of soil
3) Temperature
4) Water levels
5) Water PH

26
Q

How do you calculate the mean when studying distribution of organisms

A

Mean = Total number of organisms DIVIDED BY number of Quadrats