B2 Topic 2 - Life Processes

Question 1

Aerobic respiration is the most _________ way to release energy from glucose

Answer 1

Efficient

Question 2

Word equation for Aerobic respiration

Answer 2

Glucose + Oxygen –> Carbon dioxide + water (+ ENERGY)

Question 3

Diffusion is …

Answer 3

The movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration

Question 4

Cardiac output =

Answer 4

Heart rate TIMES stroke volume

Question 5

Cardiac output is

Answer 5

The volume of blood the heart pumps in one minute

Question 6

Word equation for anaerobic respiration

Answer 6

Glucose —> lactic acid

Question 7

What is EPOC

Answer 7

Excess Post-exercise Oxygen Consumption

Question 8

Photosynthesis happens inside

Answer 8

The chloroplasts

Question 9

Equation for photosynthesis aka the most important equation in the whole of biology so learn it!

Answer 9

Carbon Dioxide +water —>glucose + oxygen

Question 10

Leaves are adapted for efficient photosynthesis

Answer 10

1) Leaves are broad, so there’s a large surface area exposed to light
2) Leaves contain lots of chlorophyll in chloroplasts to absorb light
3) Leaves at full of little holes called stomata. They open and close to let carbon dioxide and oxygen in and out. They also allow water vapour to escape which is known as transpiration.

Question 11

Factor affecting rate of photosynthesis

Answer 11

1) Light concentration
2) Carbon dioxide concentration
3) Temperature

Question 12

Respiration is…

Answer 12

The process of breaking down glucose to release energy, which goes on in every living cell

Question 13

1) Not enough light slows down the rate of photosynthesis

Answer 13

1) Light provides the energy needed for photosynthesis
2) As the light level is raised, the rate of photosynthesis increases steadily - but only up to a certain point
3) Beyond that, it won’t make any difference - it’ll be either the temperature or the carbon dioxide level which is the limiting factor

Question 14

2) Too little carbon dioxide also slows down the rate of photosynthesis

Answer 14

1) Carbon dioxide is one of the raw materials needed for photosynthesis
2) As with light intensity, the concentration of carbon dioxide will only increase the rate of photosynthesis up to a point. After this the graph flattens out to show that carbon dioxide is no longer the limiting factor

Question 15

3) The temperature has to be just right for photosynthesis

Answer 15

1) Usually, if the temperature is the limiting factor it’s because it’s too low - the enzymes needed for photosynthesis work more slowly at low temperatures
2) But if the plant gets too hot, the enzymes needed for photosynthesis and its other reactions will be denatured
3) This happens at about 45*C

Question 16

Sodium Hydrogencarbonate can be dissolved in water to give off

Answer 16

Carbon dioxide

Question 17

Osmosis is

Answer 17

The movement of water molecules across a partially permeable membrane from a region of higher water concentration to an area of lower water concentration

Question 18

Root hairs take in water by

Answer 18

Osmosis

Question 19

Root hairs take in minerals using

Answer 19

Active transport

Question 20

Active transport

Answer 20

Uses energy from respiration to help the plant pull minerals into the root hair against the concentration gradient

Question 21

Xylem tubes

Answer 21

Transport water and minerals from the root to the rest of the plant

Question 22

Phloem tubes

Answer 22

Transport sugars from the leaves to growing and storage tissues

Question 23

Transpiration is

Answer 23

The loss of water from a plant (caused by evaporation and diffusion)

Question 24

Ways to investigate distribution of organisms

Answer 24

1) Pooters (for ground insects)
2) Pitfall traps (also for ground insects)
3) Sweep nets (for collecting animals from long grasses)
4) Pond nets
5) Quadrats
6) Belt transect

Question 25

Factors affecting growth

Answer 25

1) Light intensity
2) PH of soil
3) Temperature
4) Water levels
5) Water PH

Question 26

How do you calculate the mean when studying distribution of organisms

Answer 26

Mean = Total number of organisms DIVIDED BY number of Quadrats