B3 - Biological molecules

Question 1

what are the types of biological molecules?

Answer 1

carbohydrates, water, fats and protein

Question 2

what are carbohydrates made of? (elements)

Answer 2

carbon, hydrogen and oxygen

Question 3

what’s an example of a carbohydrate?

Answer 3

glucose

Question 4

what is a large molecule of a carbohydrates?

Answer 4

glucose

Question 5

what smaller molecules make glucose?

Answer 5

starch and glycogen

Question 6

what forms a food/energy storage in animal cells?

Answer 6

glycogen

Question 7

what is the chemical formula of glucose?

Answer 7

C6H12O6

Question 8

what elements make fats?

Answer 8

carbon, hydrogen and oxygen

Question 9

what is fats a solid form of?

Answer 9

lipids

Question 10

what is an example of fats?

Answer 10

fats and oils

Question 11

what smaller molecules make fats and oils?

Answer 11

two molecules of fatty acid and one molecule of glycerol

Question 12

what elements make protein?

Answer 12

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen (may contain sulfur)

Question 13

what smaller molecules make protein?

Answer 13

amino acids

Question 14

what is an important solvent?

Answer 14

water

Question 15

what do most cells contain?

Answer 15

75% of water and will die if the water percentage falls lower than this.

Question 16

what are the types of solutions in food tests?

Answer 16

iodine solution, Benedict solution, biuret test and ethanol emulsion.

Question 17

what do the food tests test for? (general)

Answer 17

starch, reducing sugars, protein and fats and oil

Question 18

do any of the tests require heat?

Answer 18

yes, the reducing sugar test (benedicts solution test)

Question 19

what solution tests for STARCH and what colour does it turn if starch is present?

Answer 19

iodine solution

orange —> dark blue (if positive)

Question 20

what solution tests for REDUCING SUGARS and what colour does it turn if reducing sugars is present?

Answer 20

benedict solution

blue —-> red (if positive)

Question 21

what solution tests for PROTEIN and what colour does it turn if protein is present?

Answer 21

biuret test

blue —-> purple

Question 22

what solution tests for FATS AND OILS and what colour does it turn if fats and oils are present?

Answer 22

ethanol emulsion

colourless/ transparent —-> milky white