B3- Organism Level Systems

Question 1

Gibberellins

Answer 1

plant hormones that speed up seed
germination

Question 2

Auxin

Answer 2

a plant hormone that enables a plant to grow towards, or away from a
stimulus

Question 3

Gravitropism

Answer 3

Growth in response to gravity (also known as geotropism).

Question 4

Phototropism

Answer 4

a plant’s growth response to light

Question 5

Tropism

Answer 5

the response of a plant by growing towards or away from a stimulus

Question 6

In- Vitro Fertilisation

Answer 6

fertility treatment, whereby an egg is fertilised with sperm outside the body,
in a laboratory

Question 7

IUD

Answer 7

intrauterine device. A device containing hormones that is placed in the uterus to prevent a fertilised egg from implanting

Question 8

Progesterone only pill

Answer 8

Contraceptive pill that only contains progesterone (not oestrogen)

Question 9

Combined contraceptive pill

Answer 9

a contraception method designed to be taken orally by women. It includes a combination of an oestrogen and a progestogen

Question 10

Contraception

Answer 10

are methods or devices used to prevent pregnancy

Question 11

Progesterone

Answer 11

reproductive hormone that causes the lining of the uterus to be maintained.

Question 12

Testosterone

Answer 12

male sex hormone produced by the testes that stimulates sperm production

Question 13

Oestrogen

Answer 13

the main female reproductive hormone produced at the ovaries

Question 14

LH

Answer 14

luteinising hormone. A menstrual cycle hormone that stimulates an egg to be released from an ovary

Question 15

FSH

Answer 15

follicle stimulating hormone. Reproductive hormone that causes the egg to mature in the ovaries.

Question 16

Adrenaline

Answer 16

hormone released by the adrenal gland during a fight or flight response

Question 17

Thyroxine

Answer 17

hormone produced by the thyroid gland that increases the body metabolism.

Question 18

Negative Feedback

Answer 18

a regulatory response to changes in the body which decreases levels that are too high and increases levels that are too low.

Question 19

Basal metabolic rate

Answer 19

the level at which chemical reactions take place in the body at rest

Question 20

Hormone

Answer 20

chemical messenger that acts on target organs in the body

Question 21

Endocrine Gland

Answer 21

part of the body that releases chemical messengers or hormones, directly into the blood stream

Question 22

Endocrine System

Answer 22

a control system in the body that communicates using chemical messengers, of hormones, to produce slow but long-lasting responses.

Question 23

CNS

Answer 23

Central nervous system collectively the brain and spinal cord

Question 24

Motor Neurone

Answer 24

Nerve cell carrying information from the CNS to the muscles

Question 25

Sensory neurone

Answer 25

Nerve cell carrying information from the receptors to the CNS

Question 26

Receptor

Answer 26

Cells in the body that detect changes in the environment

Question 27

Reflex action

Answer 27

Rapid automatic responses to stimulus

Question 28

Reflex Arc

Answer 28

Pathway taken by nerve impulses through the spinal cord during a reflex reaction

Question 29

Nervous System

Answer 29

A control system in the body that uses electrical impulses to communicate rapidly and precisely

Question 30

Stimulus

Answer 30

A change in the environment

Question 31

Effectors

Answer 31

Muscles and glands which respond to impulses from the nervous system

Question 32

Short sightedness

Answer 32

Inability to see distant objects clearly

Question 33

Long sightedness

Answer 33

Inability to see nearby objects clearly

Question 34

Colour blindness

Answer 34

Inability to distinguish individual colours

Question 35

Cerebrum

Answer 35

Area of brain that controls complex behaviour such as learning memory personality and conscious thought

Question 36

Cerebellum

Answer 36

Area of brain that controls posture balance and non voluntary movements

Question 37

Medulla

Answer 37

Region at the base of the brain that controls unconscious activities such as breathing

Question 38

Hypothalamus

Answer 38

Control centre in the brain that produces hormones and links the nervous and endocrine systems

Question 39

Ciliary body

Answer 39

Muscular tissue in the eye which alters the shape of the lens