b4

Question 1

what are the different steps of the water cycle

Answer 1

water from water sources (like lakes), soil and transpiration evaporates into water vapour and rises into atmosphere
as water accumulates, it condenses into clouds
water falls as precipitation
water taken up by water sources, soil and plants
cycle repeats

Question 2

whats the carbon cycle

Answer 2

carbon dioxide is taken up through plants by photosynthesis
this carbon dioxide is either released or consumed by other organisms
animals can die and release co2 or decay and produce fossil fuels
fossil fuels are burned (combustion) which releases co2

Question 3

what is decomposition carried out by

Answer 3

detritovores like worms and woodlice
decomposers like bacteria and fungi

Question 4

what are the different factors that affect decomposition and why

Answer 4

water - water is needed for decomposers so damp conditions speed up decomposition but too much water can cause oxygen levels to fall
oxygen - more oxygen means more aerobic respiration meaning more energy meaning faster rate of decomposition
temperature - more kinetic energy, closer to enzymes optimum pH, higher rate of decomposition
but too hot can cause enzymes to denature

Question 5

whats a habitat

Answer 5

where an organism lives

Question 6

whats a population

Answer 6

all the organisms of a particular species living together in a habitat

Question 7

whats a community

Answer 7

all populations of different organisms living together in a habitat

Question 8

whats interdependence

Answer 8

all organism in an ecosystem depending on each other with countless complex relationships between them all

Question 9

whats an abiotic and biotic factor

Answer 9

abiotic - non living e.g. temperature
biotic - living e.g predetation and disease

Question 10

what are producers and consumers

Answer 10

produces are organisms that make glucose themselves through photosynthesis e.g. plants & algae
primary consumers eat producers, secondary consumers eat primary consumers etc.

Question 11

whats a trophic level

Answer 11

a stage in the food chain

Question 12

whats an apex predator

Answer 12

predator which is top of the food chain

Question 13

what do the arrows in the food chain show

Answer 13

the transfer of energy and biomass

Question 14

why is only ~10% of biomass transferred per trophic level

Answer 14

energy used for respiration
energy waste due to organism not being able to digest all food
don’t eat all part of the food