B4 - Bioenergetics

Question 1

What is bioenergetics?

Answer 1

The study of how energy is produced and used in living organisms.

Question 2

What is the primary source of energy for plants?

Answer 2

Sunlight.

Question 3

What process do plants use to convert sunlight into chemical energy?

Answer 3

Photosynthesis.

Question 4

What is the equation for photosynthesis?

Answer 4

6CO2 + 6H2O -> C6H12O6 + 6O2.

Question 5

True or False: Respiration is the process of breaking down glucose to release energy.

Answer 5

True.

Question 6

Fill in the blank: The process of respiration occurs in the __________ of cells.

Answer 6

Mitochondria.

Question 7

What are the two main types of respiration?

Answer 7

Aerobic and anaerobic respiration.

Question 8

What is aerobic respiration?

Answer 8

Respiration that requires oxygen.

Question 9

What is anaerobic respiration?

Answer 9

Respiration that occurs without oxygen.

Question 10

Which type of respiration produces more energy?

Answer 10

Aerobic respiration.

Question 11

What byproduct is produced during anaerobic respiration in animals?

Answer 11

Lactic acid.

Question 12

What byproduct is produced during anaerobic respiration in yeast?

Answer 12

Ethanol and carbon dioxide.

Question 13

True or False: Plants only perform photosynthesis.

Answer 13

False.

Question 14

What is the role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis?

Answer 14

It absorbs light energy.

Question 15

What factors can affect the rate of photosynthesis?

Answer 15

Light intensity, carbon dioxide concentration, and temperature.

Question 16

What is the role of glucose produced in photosynthesis?

Answer 16

It serves as an energy source for growth and metabolism.

Question 17

Fill in the blank: The energy stored in ATP is released when it is converted to __________.

Answer 17

ADP (adenosine diphosphate).

Question 18

What is the importance of respiration for living organisms?

Answer 18

It provides energy for cellular processes.

Question 19

Which gas is a byproduct of aerobic respiration?

Answer 19

Carbon dioxide.

Question 20

True or False: All living organisms require energy.

Answer 20

True.

Question 21

What is the relationship between photosynthesis and respiration?

Answer 21

Photosynthesis produces glucose and oxygen, which are used in respiration.

Question 22

Fill in the blank: During exercise, the body may switch to __________ respiration for energy.

Answer 22

Anaerobic.

Question 23

What is the effect of increasing temperature on the rate of respiration?

Answer 23

It generally increases the rate to a certain point before it declines.

Question 24

Which molecule is often referred to as the ‘energy currency’ of the cell?

Answer 24

ATP.

Question 25

What happens to lactic acid in the body after exercise?

Answer 25

It is converted back to glucose in the liver.

Question 26

Fill in the blank: The process of converting light energy into chemical energy occurs in the __________.

Answer 26

Chloroplasts.

Question 27

What is the purpose of the light-dependent reactions in photosynthesis?

Answer 27

To convert solar energy into chemical energy (ATP and NADPH).

Question 28

What is the role of the light-independent reactions (Calvin cycle) in photosynthesis?

Answer 28

To use ATP and NADPH to synthesize glucose from carbon dioxide.

Question 29

Fill in the blank: The energy from glucose is released through the process of __________.

Answer 29

Respiration.

Question 30

What is the main energy carrier in cells?

Answer 30

ATP.

Question 31

True or False: Anaerobic respiration occurs in the presence of oxygen.

Answer 31

False.

Question 32

What happens to the rate of photosynthesis when light intensity increases?

Answer 32

It increases, up to a saturation point.

Question 33

Fill in the blank: The energy stored in __________ can be used for cellular work.

Answer 33

ATP.

Question 34

What is the role of oxygen in aerobic respiration?

Answer 34

It acts as the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain.

Question 35

What is the significance of the energy transfer in ecosystems?

Answer 35

It supports life processes and maintains ecological balance.

Question 36

Fill in the blank: Photosynthesis takes place primarily in the __________ of leaves.

Answer 36

Mesophyll cells.

Question 37

What is the role of stomata in plants?

Answer 37

They allow gas exchange (CO2 in, O2 out).

Question 38

True or False: Respiration can occur without photosynthesis.

Answer 38

True.

Question 39

What is the primary function of the mitochondria?

Answer 39

To produce ATP through respiration.

Question 40

What is the relationship between energy and metabolism?

Answer 40

Metabolism encompasses all chemical reactions that convert energy for use in the body.

Question 41

What is respiration

Answer 41

The process of transferring energy from glucose which goes in every cell