b5 - health and diseases

Question 1

what are communicable diseases

Answer 1

diseases that can be passed from one organism to the other

Question 2

what are non communicable diseases

Answer 2

diseases that can not be passed from one organism to the other

Question 3

what is a pace maker

Answer 3

a samll electrical device that controls irregualar heartbeats

Question 4

what is conary heart disease ( CHD)

Answer 4

build up of fat in the conary arteries which means less oxygen gets to the heart

Question 5

how is CHD treated

Answer 5

by using a stent or statins

Question 6

what does the stent do

Answer 6

a stent is a small mesh tube that opens up the artery to allow more oxygen to the heart

Question 7

what are statins

Answer 7

statins are drugs that reduce the cholesterol in the blood

Question 8

how do you treat leaky valves

Answer 8

biological valvues from human , pig , cow or mecahnical valves

Question 9

what are the three types of blood vessels

Answer 9

arteries , veins and capillaries

Question 10

what are the hearts four chambers

Answer 10

left atrium , right atrium , left ventricle , right ventricle

Question 11

how are the atriums and ventricles serperated

Answer 11

by valves

Question 12

what do valves do

Answer 12

make sure blood is flowing in right direction

Question 13

why does the left side of your heart have a thicker muscle wall on the left side

Answer 13

as the left side of the heart has to pump blood all the way through your body while the right is only pumping to th lungs which are a lot closer meaning the left side needs thick muscle in order for a more powerfull pump

Question 14

what are the 4 blood vessels that ebter and leave the heart

Answer 14

vena cava , pulmonary artery , pulmonary vein and aorta

Question 15

what does the vena cava do

Answer 15

brings in deoxygenated blood from body

Question 16

what does the pulmonary artery do

Answer 16

moves blood from heart to lungs

Question 17

what does the pulmonary vein do

Answer 17

brings blood oxygenated by lungs back to the heart

Question 18

what does the aorta do

Answer 18

moves blood from heart to body

Question 19

what are enzymes

Answer 19

proteins that act as biological catalysts this means they speed up chemical reactions

Question 20

what do enzymes do in digestion

Answer 20

speed up the process of breakdown of food

Question 21

what chemical is used in the enzyme practical

Answer 21

iodine

Question 22

what colour is iodine

Answer 22

orange

Question 23

in the enzyme practical how do you know if starch is present

Answer 23

if the soloution turns blue / black

Question 24

what chemical is used when testing for glucose

Answer 24

benedicts soloution

Question 25

what colour is benedicts soloution

Answer 25

blue

Question 26

what colours will the soloution change if sugar is present

Answer 26

the soloution wll turn either green , yellow or red

Question 27

when testing for glucose if the soloution turns green what does this mean

Answer 27

there is a small amount of sugar

Question 28

when testing for glucose if the soloution turns yellow what does this mean

Answer 28

there is more sugar

Question 29

when testing for glucose if the soloution turns red what does this mean

Answer 29

thre is a lot of sugar

Question 30

when testing for proteins what soloution do you use

Answer 30

biuret soloution

Question 31

what colour is biruit solution

Answer 31

blue

Question 32

what colour will my soloution change to if proteins are present

Answer 32

purple / lilac

Question 33

when testing for lipids what chemical do i add

Answer 33

ethanol

Question 34

what are the risk factors for CHD

Answer 34

smoking , high cholesterol and not enough exercise

Question 35

what is health

Answer 35

the state of complete physical mental and social well being and not the absence of disease

Question 36

what is an organism

Answer 36

a group of organ systems working together

Question 37

what is an organ system

Answer 37

a group of organs working together

Question 38

what is an organ

Answer 38

a group of tissues working together

Question 39

what is a tissue

Answer 39

a group of simialr cells wit similar functions

Question 40

what is a cell

Answer 40

the smallest structure of life

Question 41

why is the top of the leaf darker compared to the bottom

Answer 41

because it has more chloroplasts and gets more sunlight

Question 42

what is the stomata

Answer 42

an opening in the leaf

Question 43

what do the guard cells do

Answer 43

they are around the stomata contolling the opening and closing of the stomata to let gasses difuse in and to control water intake

Question 44

what is transpirtation

Answer 44

when the xylem tissue transports water from the roots to the stems and leaves

Question 45

translocation

Answer 45

when pholem tissue transports sugar from the leaves to the rest of the plant

Question 46

what is the journey of food when being digested

Answer 46

first food enters the mouth where it is chewed and broken down next it travels down the oesophogus where it is being squished and further broken down next the stomach where stomach acids further break it down bile from the liver is released nutrealising the acid from the stomach before it is passed into the intestines then enxymes is realesed as samll food molecules are abosbed for nutrients and released into the blood stream

Question 47

what can the intestine not absorb

Answer 47

big molecules or insoluble molecules

Question 48

what do charbohydrase enxymes break down

Answer 48

charbohydrates

Question 49

what do protease enxymes break down

Answer 49

proteins

Question 50

what do lipase enzymes break down

Answer 50

fats

Question 51

what do red blood cells do

Answer 51

cary oxygen

Question 52

what do white blood cells do

Answer 52

fight diseases

Question 53

what do platlets blood cells do

Answer 53

form scabs , clots and wounds

Question 54

what gases are wasted in the blood

Answer 54

co2

Question 55

why is no exercise a risk factor for chd

Answer 55

doesn't burn fat