B6-029 CBCL Skin Infections and Rashes Flashcards
(99 cards)
1
Q
a patient with adult onset eczema should raise suspicion for […]
A
T cell lymphoma
2
Q
[…] proven allergy indicates atopic dermatitis
A
IgE
3
Q
flat lesion <1 cm with well circumscribed change in skin color
A
macule
4
Q
macule > 1 cm
A
patch
5
Q
elevated solid skin lesion < 1cm
A
papule
6
Q
papule > 1 cm
A
plaque
7
Q
small fluid containing blister < 1cm
A
vesicle
8
Q
large fluid containing blister > 1 cm
A
bulla
9
Q
vesicle containing pus
A
pustule
10
Q
transient smooth papule or plaque
A
wheal
11
Q
flaking of stratum corneum
A
scale
12
Q
dry exudate
A
crust
13
Q
epidermal accumulation of edematous fluid in intercellular spaces
A
spongiosis
14
Q
maculopapular -> ulcerative rash with mucocutaneous involvement
A
SJS
15
Q
more severe form of SJS
presents with fever, macules, bullae, necrosis, anemia
A
TEN
16
Q
extensive maculopapular rash with multi-organ involvement, eosinophilia, and lymphadenopathy
A
DRESS
17
Q
T cell mediated hypersensitivity that can cause AKI, liver damage, SOB, and cardiac involment
A
DRESS
18
Q
what gene is associated with eczema?
A
filaggrin
**more filaggrin is better
19
Q
VZV/HSV produce
A
vesicles
20
Q
umbilicated papule
A
molluscum
21
Q
labs for suspected fungal infection [2]
A
fungal blood culture
fungal serologic testing
22
Q
large area of extending erythema with some scaling
A
cellulitis
23
Q
presents in skin creases with erythema or hyperpigmentation with associated satellite lesions
A
candidiasis
24
Q
contact dermatitis would typically present with what skin finding?
A
vesicles
(i.e. from a plant)
25
starts with a maculopapular rash
multi-organ involvement
eosinophilia
DRESS
26
SJS with > 10% body surface involvement
TEN
27
type I hypersensitivity is [...] mediated
IgE
28
urticaria
angioedema
pruritis
all examples of skin involvement of [...] hypersensitivity reactions
type I
29
[...] is characteristic of DRESS and occurs in 95% of cases
eosinophilia
30
organ involvement in DRESS most classically affects what two organs?
liver
kidney
31
pruritis with scaling
eczema
32
sandpaper like rash characteristic of drug eruption
maculopapular rash
33
urticarial symptoms associated with explosive diarrhea and cramping abdominal pain
often presents after dinner (at night)
alpha-gal allergy (from tick bite)
34
autoimmune causes of systemic urticaria [4]
lupus
RA
autoimmune thyroid disease
vasculitis
35
cold induced urticaria is associated with
Hep C
*cryoglobulinemia
36
malignancies that can cause systemic urticaria [2]
multiple myeloma
lymphoma
37
mutation in NLRP3 gene
inflammation causes multi-organ damage [2]
Muckle-Wells (Neonatal Multisystem Inflammatory Disorder)
Familial Cold Autoinflammatory Syndrome
NLRP3 activates capsase 1 which cleaves IL-1B
mutation results in excessive activation of this pathway
Can be treated with IL-1 inhibitors (anakinra)
38
treatment for dishydrotic eczema
topical corticosteroid
39
rash is worse in summertime due to excessive sweating
dishydrotic eczema
40
most common cause of flares of atopic dermatitis
non-adherence, is reviewed at every visit
41
urticaria associated with weight gain, constipation, and hair loss could be attributed to
autoimmune thyroid disease
42
help with decolonization of the skin in infected eczema patients
bleach baths
43
testing for delayed T cell mediated hypersensitivites
patch testing
44
pathogens that can cause skin infections in immunocompromised invididuals
mold
dimorphic fungi
yeast
nocardia
syphilis
mycobacteria
parasites
45
what sort of testing is done for hives that are due to airborne causes?
skin prick testing
46
what sort of testing would be performed on someone who has a rash every time they wear costume jewelry?
patch testing
47
warning signs of systemic disease with chronic urticaria
weight changes
lymphadenopathy
arthralgias
myalgias
fevers
chills
night sweats
48
adult onset eczema should raise suspicion of
cutaneous T cell lymphoma
49
highly contagious skin infection involving superficial epidermis
honey colored crusting
impetigo
50
impetigo is usually caused by [2]
S. aureus
S. pyogenes
51
infection involving upper dermis and superficial lymphatics, usually from S. pyogenes
present with well defined raised demarcation between infected and normal skin
erysipelas
52
acute, painful spreading infection of deeper dermis and subcutaneous tissues
usually caused by S. aureus, S. pyogenes
cellulitis
53
umbilicated papules caused by a poxvirus
molluscum contagiosum
54
chracterized by fever, bullae formation, and necrosis
sloughing of skin at DEJ
SJS
55
often associated with asthma and allergic rhinitis
atopic eczema
56
filaggrin is associated with
eczema
57
[allergic or irritant contact dermatitis]
in response to dyes, fragrances, medications, metals, plants, synthetic compounds
allergic contact dermatitis
58
[allergic or irritant contact dermatitis]
delayed T cell dependent immune reponse
allergic contact dermatitis
59
[allergic or irritant contact dermatitis]
causes pruritis
allergic contact dermatitis
60
[allergic or irritant contact dermatitis]
requires sensitization before elicitation
occurs 24-72 hours after exposure
allergic contact dermatitis
61
[allergic or irritant contact dermatitis]
patch test positive
allergic contact dermatitis
62
[allergic or irritant contact dermatitis]
due to irritants or "wet workers"
irritant contact dermatitis
63
[allergic or irritant contact dermatitis]
non-immunologic; caused by direct cytotoxicity
irritant contact dermatitis
64
[allergic or irritant contact dermatitis]
burning, pain, maybe pruritis
irritant contact dermatitis
65
[allergic or irritant contact dermatitis]
may appear after first contact
can occur minutes to weeks after exposure
irritant contact dermatitis
66
[allergic or irritant contact dermatitis]
patch testing negative
irritant contact dermatitis
67
[acute/subacute/chronic atopic dermatitis]
intensely pruritic, erythematous papules, excoriations, vesiculations, and serous exudate
acute atopic dermatitis
68
[acute/subacute/chronic atopic dermatitis]
erythematous, excoriated, scaling papules
subacute atopic dermatitis
69
[acute/subacute/chronic atopic dermatitis]
thickened skin with lichenification and fibrotic papules
chronic atopic dermatitis
70
complicating feature of atopic dermatitis that can cause corneal scarring and visual impairment
atopic keratoconjunctivitis
71
occupational disability caused by repeated hand washing, hand sanitizing
hand dermatitis
72
dermatitis increases susceptibility to colonization with
S. aureus
73
treatment of molluscum contagiosum
destruction
cryotherapy
laser
imiquimod
74
"soak and seal" therapy is a mainstay of atopic dermatitis treatment and involves [3]
hydration and topical creams
bleach baths for infections
wet wraps
75
first line therapy for xerosis (dry skin)
topical moisturizers/emollients
76
topical calcineurin inhibitors are equivalent to [...] potency steroids
mid-potency
Calcineurin inhibitors inhibit the production of IL-2, resulting in decreased activation of T cells
77
med option for adults with moderate to severe AD/CD who fail other therapies
PUVA
78
IL4-Ra antagonist approved for use in AD down to infants 6 months of age
dupilumab
**all others are only approved in 12 y/o+
79
first line therapy in AD if greater than 20% body surface area is involved
systemic corticosteroids
80
most common cause of IgE mediated urticaria
beta-lactam antibiotics
(penicillins, cephalosporins)
81
most common cause of T cell mediated rash
sulfa based antibiotics
(Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole, sulfasalazine)
82
urticaria with anaphylaxis and angioedema can result from
insect sting
83
serum sickness and transfusion reactions cause [...] mediated urticaria
complement mediated
84
progesterone can cause urticaria via direct [...]
mast cell activation
85
vancomycin flushing syndrome is caused by direct [...]
mast cell activation (Type 1 HS)
86
rare autosomal dominant disease that causes the oversecretion of IL-1B [2]
familial cold auto inflammatory syndrome
muckle wells
87
treatment of familial cold auto inflammatory syndrome
anakinra
Like Muckle Wells, this is also caused by a mutation in NLRP3
88
common in children, generally not pruritic
fixed maculopapular rash that persists for days
associated with viral infection
viral exanthems
(i.e. measles, rubella, roseola)
89
recurrent painful inflammatory papules and plaques associated with fever, arthralgias, and peripheral leukocytosis in adults
may have a hx of febrile illness in past 1-3 weeks
Sweet's syndrome
Amboss: An inflammatory skin condition that manifests with sudden-onset fever and painful skin lesions (erythematous papules, plaques, and nodules). Associated with infections (e.g., upper respiratory, gastrointestinal), malignancy (e.g., acute myeloid leukemia), inflammatory bowel disease, pregnancy, and certain medications (e.g., granulocyte-colony stimulating factor).
90
round/oval sharply demarcated pink lesions of adults in chest, neck, back
lasts for days to weeks
"Herald patch", can have scale or central clearing of lesions
pityriasis rosea
91
FDA approved for the treatment of chronic idiopathic urticaria
works for almost all patients with chronic urticaria
omalizumab
92
anti-IgE therapy
omalizumab
93
what laboratory test can help evaluate for vasculitis in chronic urticaria?
C4
94
what laboratory test can help evaluate for thyroid abnormality in chronic urticaria? [3]
TSH, anti-TG, anti-TPO
95
what laboratory test can help evaluate for food or aeroallergens in chronic urticaria?
skin testing
IgE testing
96
what laboratory test can help evaluate for systemic disease in chronic urticaria? [5]
ANA
TSH
cryoglobulins
Hep B and C
SPEP
97
used to rule out vasculitis in chronic urticarial lesions lasting >48 hours or that are painful, ecchymotic, petechiae
4 mm punch biopsy
98
chronic urticaria with prolonged, purpuric lesions that are not as pruritic
urticarial vasculitis
99
cryoglobulinemia with chronic urticaria is associated with
Hep C
