B6 Inheritance, Variation & Evolution Flashcards

(21 cards)

1
Q

Number of Chromosomes

A

23 pairs = 46

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2
Q

23rd Chromosome

A

Determines sex
XX for female, XY for male

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3
Q

Gene

A

Small section of DNA that codes for a type of protein

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4
Q

Genome

A

Entire set of genetic material in an organism

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5
Q

Importance of understanding genetics

A
  • Inherited disease
  • Ancestral migration
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6
Q

Alleles

A

Different versions of the same gene

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7
Q

Homozygous

A

Same two alleles

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8
Q

Heterozygous

A

Different alleles

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9
Q

Dominant allele

A

Expressed over the recessive allele

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10
Q

Recessive allele

A

Only expressed when they are homozygous

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11
Q

Genotype

A

Collection of alleles for a specific gene

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12
Q

Phenotype

A

Characteristics due to the genotype

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13
Q

Nucleotide

A

Sugar-phosphate backbone
Double helix structure
Held by complementary base pairing

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14
Q

Complementary Base Pairing

A

A-T
C-G

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15
Q

Protein Synthesis

A
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