B6 Inheritance, Variation & Evolution Flashcards
(21 cards)
Number of Chromosomes
23 pairs = 46
23rd Chromosome
Determines sex
XX for female, XY for male
Gene
Small section of DNA that codes for a type of protein
Genome
Entire set of genetic material in an organism
Importance of understanding genetics
- Inherited disease
- Ancestral migration
Alleles
Different versions of the same gene
Homozygous
Same two alleles
Heterozygous
Different alleles
Dominant allele
Expressed over the recessive allele
Recessive allele
Only expressed when they are homozygous
Genotype
Collection of alleles for a specific gene
Phenotype
Characteristics due to the genotype
Nucleotide
Sugar-phosphate backbone
Double helix structure
Held by complementary base pairing
Complementary Base Pairing
A-T
C-G
Protein Synthesis