B7 HUMAN NUTRITION Flashcards
(28 cards)
What is a balanced diet?
A diet that provides the right proportions of nutrients needed for health and energy.
Which vitamin prevents scurvy?
Vitamin C.
What are the 7 main nutrients in a balanced diet?
Carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals, fibre, and water.
What is the function of carbohydrates?
Provide energy (broken into glucose).
What is the function of fats?
Energy storage, insulation, protection of organs.
What is the function of proteins?
Needed for growth and repair of cells.
What is the role of Vitamin D?
Helps absorb calcium, prevents rickets.
Which mineral is important for bones and teeth?.
Calcium
Which mineral is important for haemoglobin production?
Iron.
What is the function of fibre?
Aids digestion and prevents constipation.
Why is water essential?
For hydration, nutrient transport, and temperature regulation.
What is ingestion?
Taking food into the body.
What causes scurvy?
Lack of Vitamin C.
What are symptoms of rickets?
Weak/soft bones, bowed legs.
What are symptoms of scurvy?
Bleeding gums, slow wound healing.
What causes rickets?
Lack of Vitamin D.
What is digestion?
The breakdown of food (physical and chemical).
What is assimilation?
Use of absorbed nutrients by cells.
What is absorption?
Movement of nutrients into the blood.
What is egestion?
Removal of undigested waste (faeces).
What does amylase break down?
Starch into maltose.
Where is amylase secreted?
Salivary glands, pancreas.
What does protease break down?
Proteins into amino acids.
Which protease acts in the stomach?
Pepsin (pH 2).
