B9 Respiration

Question 1

What is an aerobic respiration

Answer 1

And aerobic respiration is a chemical reaction that transfers energy to cells.The waste products of aerobic respiration of carbon dioxide and water.

Question 2

What happens during an aerobic respiration

Answer 2

During aerobic respiration glucose reacts with oxygen.This reaction transfers energy that your cells can use. This energy is vital for anything that goes around in your body.

Question 3

What kind of reaction profile is aerobic respiration

Answer 3

A aerobic respiration is an exothermic reaction

Question 4

What is an exothermic reaction

Answer 4

Exothermic reactions transfer energy to environment

Question 5

What is the word equation for aerobic respiration

Answer 5

Glucose + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water (energy transferred to the environment)

Question 6

What is the symbol equation for aerobic respiration

Answer 6

C6H12O6 + 6CO2 -> 6CO2+ 6H20

Question 7

What is cytoplasm

Answer 7

Where enzymes are made .location of reactions in anaerobic respiration

Question 8

What is a nucleus

Answer 8

Holds the genetic code for enzymes involved in respiration

Question 9

What is mitochondrion

Answer 9

Contain the enzymes for aerobic respiration

Question 10

What is cell membrane

Answer 10

Allows gasses and water to pass freely into and out of the cell. controls the passage of other molecules

Question 11

What does a typical plant cell have that’s a typical animal cell doesn’t have?

Answer 11

• Cell wall

- chloroplast

Question 12

Where does most of aerobic respiration take place

Answer 12

Mitochondria - the side of respiration

Question 13

What is the energy from aerobic respiration used for?

Answer 13

• living skills that need energy to carry out basic functions of life.
• in animal cells energy from respiration is transferred to make muscles contract.
• in plants energy from respiration is transferred to make mineral irons such as nitrates from the soil into root hair cells. Also transferred to convert sugars ,nitrates and other nutrients into amino acids which are brought up into proteins
• mammals and birds maintain a constant internal body temperature almost regardless of the temperature of the surroundings .energy transfered from respiration helps to stay warm

Question 14

What are muscle tissues made up of?

Answer 14

Protein fibres that contract when energy is transferred from respiration

Question 15

What do muscle fibres contain?

Answer 15

Muscle fibres contain many mitochondria to carry out aerobic respiration and transfer the energy needed

Question 16

What does your muscles store glucose as

Answer 16

Carbohydrates glycogen

Question 17

What is glycogen?

Answer 17

The storage form of glucose

Question 18

When muscular activity increases what changes take place in your body?

Answer 18

-an increase in the heart rate, and the arteries supplying blood to your muscles dilate. These changes increase the flow of oxygenated blood to your exercising muscles as a result increase the rate of supply of oxygen and glucose for the increased cellular respiration rate.
-glycogen stores in the muscles are converted to glucose to supply the cells with the fuel they need for increased cellular respiration.
-Your breathing rate increases and you breathe more deeply. This means you breathe more often and also bring more into your lungs each time you breathe in.
The rate at which oxygen is brought into your body and picked up by your red blood cells is increased and this oxygen is carried to exercising muscles as a result of carbon dioxide can be removed more quickly from the blood in the lungs and breathed out.

Question 19

Why does the response act to increase the rate of supply of glucose and oxygen to the muscles

Answer 19

Response act to increases the rate of supply of glucose and oxygen to the muscles and the rate of removal of carbon dioxide from the muscles

Question 20

What is an anaerobic respiration

Answer 20

anaerobic respiration is respiration without oxygen

Anaerobic respiration produces lactic acid rather than carbon dioxide and water.

Question 21

What is lactic acid

Answer 21

Lactic acid is the waste products produced during anaerobic respiration running fast can lead to a buildup of lactic acid in your muscles causing cramps .lactic acid also causes tooth decay

Question 22

What is the equation for anaerobic respiration in humans

Answer 22

Glucose -> lactic acid

Question 23

What is the oxygen debt

Answer 23

After exercise oxygen is still needed to convert the accumulated lactic acid into glucose.The amount of oxygen needed is known as the oxygen debt.

Question 24

What is the equation for oxygen debt repayment?

Answer 24

Lactic acid + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water

Question 25

What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in other organisms

Answer 25

Glucose -> ethanol + carbon dioxide(energy transferred to the environment)

Question 26

What is muscle fatigue

Answer 26

If muscles work hard for a long time they become fatigued and don't contract efficiently. If they don't get enough oxygen they will respire anaerobically.

Question 27

What is a metabolism

Answer 27

All the chemical reactions in the cells of an organism including respiration

Question 28

What is the energy transferred by respiration of cells use by

Answer 28

The energy transferred by respiration in cells is used by the organism for the continual enzyme controlled process of metabolism that synthesises new molecules

Question 29

What does metabolism include?

Answer 29

- Metabolism includes the conversion of glucose to starch glycogen and cellulose - metabolism includes conversion of lipid molecules and the use of glucose and nitrate ions to form amino acids which are used to synthesise proteins and bring excessive proteins to form urea

Question 30

What functions does the liver have?

Answer 30

- detoxifies poisonous substance such as the ethanol from alcohol drinks - Passing the breakdown products into the blood so they can be excreted in the urine via the kidneys - Breaking down old worn out blood cells and storing the iron until it needs to synthesise more blood cells

Question 31

Where is lactic acid transported in the body

Answer 31

The muscles transports the lactic acid to the liver where it is converted back into glucose. The oxygen debt is paid once the lactic acid has been converted back to glucose and the glucose has been completely broken down in aerobic respiration to form carbon dioxide and water

Question 32

What happens to the glucose is made by the lactic acid that isn't needed

Answer 32

The glucose made from the lactic acid may be converted to glycogen and store in the liver untill it is needed.

Question 33

What are common metabolic reactions?

Answer 33

- the conversion of glucose to starch, glycogen , and cellulose - the formation of lipid molecules from a molecule of glycereal and three fatty acid molecules - the use of glucose and nitrate ions to form amino acids that are then used to make proteins - the reactions of respiration - the reactions of photosynthesis - The breakdown of excess proteins in the liver to form urea for excretion in the urine by the kidneys

Question 34

What is the Hepatic vein in the liver?

Answer 34

Hepatic Vein carries blood from the liver onto the heart with a levels of food adjusted

Question 35

What is a Hepatic artery?

Answer 35

Hepatic artery brings oxygenated blood to the liver

Question 36

What is a Hepatic portal Vein?

Answer 36

Hepatic portal vein carries blood containing digestive food from the intestines to the liver