baby shit Flashcards
(27 cards)
what role does placenta have in babies
gas exchange: nutrition, waste and homeostasis, circulation
what role does the placenta have in the circulation in babies
heart pumps blood to placenta in umbilical arteries (deoxygenated) and placenta returns nutritious blood to heart in umbilical veins (oxygenated)
what is the role of the ductus venosus
connects umbilical vein to IVC, carries blood from placenta straight to heart
what is the role of the foramen ovale
opening in atrial septum connect LA and RA, allows blood flow between and oxygenated blood reaching left side of heart
what is the role of the ductus arteriosus
branch of pulmonary trunk to descending aorta, reduced flow to lungs and redirects to body
what happens to the circulation when the baby is born (5 major events)
turn blue to pink, lungs expand and breathing begins, increased pulmonary output (decreased resistance) to lungs, foramen ovale closes, ductus arteriosus constricts
what problems may babies have that could make it difficult for them to convert to adult circulation
sepsis, hypoxic ischaemia, cold stress
what happens within the body of failure to adult circulation fails? what disease can it cause?
if pulmonary resistance remains high, right sided pressure remains high so foramen ovale doesnt close, can cause persistent pulmonary hypertension of a new born (PPHN)
how can you identify PPHN
large difference in pre (hands) and post (feet) ductal O2 sats
how can you treat PPHN
ventilate with O2, last resort inhale NO
what happens if ductus arterious doesn’t close
prostaglandin E2 is needed until it can be shut properly, baby can’t breath properly a blood being directed away from lungs
what is congenital heart disease
abnormality which is present at birth, occurred during development rather than genes
what is antenatal screening
checking for abnormalities in unborn baby
what are 2 common conginetal defects that normally resolve spontaneously at birth
murmur from vascular septum defect (VS) and cyanosis
what congenital defects can present in the first week? what signs and treatment
problems in duct closures. poor pulses, cyanosis, tachypnoea, distress. PGE2 and surgery
what congenital defects can present in the first few weeks? what signs and treatment
cardiac failure, slow feeding, SOB when feeding, sweaty. palliative or surgery
what germ layer forms the heart
mesoderm
what type of folding occurs when heart develops
cranio-caudal
in order from cranial to caudal, what are the 5 heart tubes
truncus arteriosus, bulbus cordis, ventricle, atrium and sinus venous
what does the truncus arteriosus develop into
aorta and pulmonary trunk
what does the bulbus cordis develop into
RV and outflow of both
what does the ventricle develop into
LV
what does the atrium develop into
both atria
what does the sinus venosus develop into
smooth part of RA and coronary sinus
