Back muscles

Question 1

What is the origin of the trapezius muscle?

Answer 1

Skull, ligamentum nuchae and the spinous processes of C7-T12

Question 2

What is the insertion of the trapezius muscle?

Answer 2

Clavicle, acromion and the spine of the scapula

Question 3

What is the innervation of the trapezius muscle?

Answer 3

Accessory nerve

Question 4

What is the action of the trapezius muscle?

Answer 4

Elevation, rotation, retraction and depression of the scapula

Question 5

What is the origin of the latissimus dorsi?

Answer 5

Spinous processes of T6-T12, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, and the inferior three ribs

Question 6

What is the insertion of the latissimus dorsi?

Answer 6

Fibres converge into a tendon that attaches to the intertubercular sulcus of the humerus

Question 7

What is the innervation of the latissimus dorsi?

Answer 7

Thoracodorsal nerve

Question 8

What is the action of the latissimus dorsi?

Answer 8

Extension, adduction and medial rotation of the upper limb

Question 9

What is the origin of the levator scapulae?

Answer 9

Transverse processes of the C1-C4 vertebrae

Question 10

What is the insertion of the levator scapulae?

Answer 10

Medial border of the scapula

Question 11

What is the innervation of the levator scapulae?

Answer 11

Dorsal scapular nerve

Question 12

What is the action of the levator scapulae?

Answer 12

Elevation of the scapula

Question 13

What is the origin of the rhomboid major?

Answer 13

Spinous processes of T2-T5 vertebrae

Question 14

What is the insertion of the rhomboid major?

Answer 14

Medial border of the scapula, between the scapula spine and inferior angle

Question 15

What is the innervation of the rhomboid major?

Answer 15

Dorsal scapular nerve

Question 16

What is the action of the rhomboid major?

Answer 16

Retracts and rotates the scapula

Question 17

What is the origin of the rhomboid minor?

Answer 17

Spinous processes of C7-T1 vertebrae

Question 18

What is the insertion of the rhomboid minor?

Answer 18

Medial border of the scapula, at the level of the spine of scapula

Question 19

What is the innervation of the rhomboid minor?

Answer 19

Dorsal scapular nerve

Question 20

What is the action of the rhomboid minor?

Answer 20

Retracts and rotates the scapula

Question 21

What muscles make up the spinotransversales (deep muscles)?

Answer 21

• splenius capitis
• splenius cervicis (colli)

Question 22

What is the origin of the splenius capitis?

Answer 22

Lower aspect of the ligamentum nuchae, and the spinous processes of C7-T3/4 vertebrae

Question 23

What is the insertion of the splenius capitis?

Answer 23

Mastoid process and the occipital bone

Question 24

What is the action of the splenius capitis?

Answer 24

Rotate head to same side

Question 25

What is the innervation of the splenius capitis?

Answer 25

Posterior rami of spinal nerves C3 and C4

Question 26

What is the origin of the splenius cervicis?

Answer 26

Spinous processes of T3-T6 vertebrae

Question 27

What is the insertion of the splenius cervicis?

Answer 27

Transverse processes of C1-3/4

Question 28

What is the action of the splenius cervicis?

Answer 28

Rotate head to same side

Question 29

What is the innervation of the splenius cervicis?

Answer 29

Posterior rami of the lower cervical spinal nerves

Question 30

What muscles make up the erector spinae? (Deep muscles)

Answer 30

- iliocostalis - longissimus - spinalis

Question 31

What is the origin of the iliocostalis?

Answer 31

Common tendinous origin of the erector spinae

Question 32

What is the insertion of the iliocostalis?

Answer 32

Costal angle of the ribs and the cervical transverse processes

Question 33

What is the action of the iliocostalis?

Answer 33

- unilaterally laterally flex the vertebral column - bilaterally extend the vertebral column and head

Question 34

What is the innervation of the iliocostalis?

Answer 34

Posterior rami of the spinal nerves

Question 35

What is the origin of the longissimus?

Answer 35

Common tendinous origin of the erector spinae

Question 36

What is the insertion of the longissimus?

Answer 36

Lower ribs, the transverse processes of C2-T12, and the mastoid process of the skull

Question 37

What is the action of the longissimus?

Answer 37

- unilaterally laterally flex the vertebral column - bilaterally extend the vertebral column and head

Question 38

What is the innervation of the longissimus?

Answer 38

Posterior rami of the spinal nerves

Question 39

What is the origin of the spinalis?

Answer 39

Common tendinous origin of the erector spinae

Question 40

What is the insertion of the spinalis?

Answer 40

Spinous processes of C2, T1-T8 and the occipital bone of the skull

Question 41

What is the action of the spinalis?

Answer 41

- unilaterally laterally flex the vertebral column - bilaterally extend the vertebral column and head

Question 42

What is the innervation of the spinalis?

Answer 42

Posterior rami of the spinal nerves