Back Muscles Flashcards
(102 cards)
1
Q
What is the Shape of the Levator Scapulae
A
Strap-Like
2
Q
What is the location of the Levator Scapulae
A
Deep to Trapezius
3
Q
What is the Origin of the Levator Scapulae
A
Posterior Tubercles of TVP’s C1-C4 Vertebrae
4
Q
What is the Insertion of the Levator Scapulae
A
Medial Border of the Scapula, Superior to the root of the Scapula Spine (superior angle)
5
Q
What are the Actions of the Levator Scapula
A
- Scapular Elevation & Inferior Rotation
- Bilateral: C/S Extension
- Unilateral: Ipsilateral Side Flexion & Rotation of C/S
6
Q
What is the Shape of Rhomboid Major
A
Broad Band
7
Q
How much wider is Rhomboid Major to Rhomboid Minor
A
3-4 times
8
Q
Where is the Location of Rhomboid Major
A
Deep to Trapezius
9
Q
What is the Origin of Rhomboid Major
A
SP’s of T2-T5 Vertebrae
10
Q
What is the Insertion of Rhomboid Major
A
Medial Border of Scapula from Root of the Spine - Inferior Angle
11
Q
What are the Actions of Rhomboid Major & Minor
A
- Retract Scapula
- Inferior Rotation of Scapula
- Stabilize Scapula
12
Q
What is the Origin of Rhomboid Minor
A
- Nuchal Ligament
- SP’s of C7-T1 Vertebrae
13
Q
What is the Shape of the Trapezius
A
Very Large Diamond with 3 Parts
14
Q
What is the Fibre Direction of the 3 Parts of Trapezius
A
- Upper Traps - Descending - Inferolateral
- Middle Traps - Transverse - Horizontal
- Lower Traps - Ascending - Superolateral
15
Q
What are the Origins of the Trapezius
A
- Inion
- Medial 1/3 of Superior Nuchal Line
- Ligamentum Nuchae
- SP’s of C7-T12 Vertebrae
16
Q
What are the Insertions of the Trapezius
A
- Lateral 1/3 of Clavicle
- Acromion
- Spine of Scapula
17
Q
What are the Actions of the Upper Trapezius
A
- Elevate Scapula
- Bilateral: C/S Extension
- Unilateral: Ipsilateral Flexion & Contralateral Rotation of C/S
18
Q
What is the Action of the Middle Trapezius
A
Retract Scapula
19
Q
What is the Action of the Lower Trapezius
A
Depress Scapula
20
Q
What is the Shape of the Latissimus Dorsi
A
Large, Fan-Shaped
21
Q
Where is the Location of the Latissimus Dorsi
A
- Lower 1/2 of Back
- Upper Fibres Deep to Trapezius
22
Q
What is the Fibre Direction of the Latissimus Dorsi
A
Superolateral
23
Q
What are the Origins of the Latissimus Dorsi
A
- SP’s of T7-T12
- Thoraculumbar Fascia
- Iliac Crest
- Inferior 3/4 Ribs
24
Q
What is the Insertion of the Latissimus Dorsi
A
Floor of Bicipital Groove of Humerus
25
What is the Action of the Latissimus Dorsi
Extends, Adducts & Medially Rotates the Humerus
26
What is the Shape of the Serratus Posterior Superior
Small, Thin & Flat
27
Where is the Location of the Serratus Posterior Superior
Junction of Neck & Back; Deep to Rhomboids
28
What is the Fibre Direction of the Serratus Posterior Superior
Inferolateral
29
What is the Origin of the Serratus Posterior Superior
SP’s of C7-T3
30
What is the Insertion of the Serratus Posterior Superior
Superior Border of Ribs 2-4
31
What is the Action of the Serratus Posterior Superior
Elevate Ribs
32
What is the Shape of the Serratus Posterior Inferior
Small, Thin & Flat
33
Where is the Location of the Serratus Posterior Inferior
Junction of Thorax & Lumbar Region (low back)
34
What is the Origin of Serratus Posterior Inferior
SP’s of T11-L2
35
What is the Insertion of Serratus Posterior Inferior
Inferior Border of Ribs 8-12
36
What are the Actions of Serratus Posterior Inferior
- Respiration
| - Depress Ribs
37
What is the Shape of Splenius Capitis
Thin, Strap-Like
38
What is the Shape of Splenius Cervicis
Thin, Strap-Like
39
Where is the Location of Splenius Capitis
Posterior Aspect of C/S
40
Where is the Location of Splenius Cervicis
Posterior Aspect of C/S
41
What the is Fibre Direction of Splenius Capitis
Superolateral
42
What is the Fibre Direction of Splenius Cervicis
Superolateral
43
What are the Origins of Splenius Capitis
- Inferior Part of Nuchal Ligament
| - SP’s of C7-T4 Vertebrae
44
What are the Insertions of Splenius Capitis
- Mastoid Process
| - Lateral 1/3 of Superior Nuchal Line
45
What are the Actions of Splenius Capitis
- Bilateral: Extension of C/S & AO Joint
- Unilateral: Lateral Flexion of C/S & AO Joint
- Ipsilateral Rotation of C/S & AO Joint
46
What is the Origin of Splenius Cervicis
SP’s of T3-T6 Vertebrae
47
What is the Insertion of Splenius Cervicis
Posterior Tubercles of TVP’s C1-C4 Vertebrae
48
What are the Actions of Splenius Cervicis
- Bilateral: Extension of C/S
- Unilateral: Lateral Flexion of of C/S
- Ipsilateral Rotation of C/S & AA Joint
49
What are the Superficial Back Muscles
- Trapezius
- Levator Scapula
- Rhomboid Major & Minor
- Latissimus Dorsi
50
Which Back Muscles are in the Extrinsic; Intermediate Layer
- Serratus Posterior Superior
| - Serratus Posterior Inferior
51
Which Back Muscles are in the Superficial Intrinsic Layer
- Splenius Capitis
| - Splenius Cervicis
52
Which Back Muscles are in the Intermediate Intrinsic Layer
- Erector Spinae
- Iliocostalis
- Longissimus
- Spinalis
53
What is the Shape of Iliocostalis
Long, Strong Bands
54
What is the Location of Iliocostalis
Parallel of the Vertebral Column
| 3 Segments: Lumborum, Thoracis & Cervicis
55
What is the Fibre Direction of Iliocostalis
Vertical
56
What are the Origins of the Iliocostalis
- Posterior Iliac Crest via Thoracolumbar Fascia
- Posterior Sacrum
- Sacroiliac Ligament
- Sacral & Lumbar SP’s
- Supraspinous Ligament
57
What are the Insertions of Iliocostalis
- Superiorly to Angles of Ribs
| - C/S TVP’s C4-C6
58
What are the Actions of Iliocostalis
- Bilateral: Extension of Spine & Neck
59
What is the Shape of Longissimus
Long, Strong Bands
60
What is the Location of Longissimus
Parallel to the Vertebral Column
| 3 Segments: Thoracis, Cervicis, Capitis
61
What is the Fibre Direction of Longissimus
Vertical
62
What are the Origins of Longissimus
- Posterior Iliac Crest via Thoracolumbar Fascia
- Posterior Sacrum
- Sacroiliac Ligament
- Sacral & Lumbar SP’s
- Supraspinous Ligament
63
What are the Insertions of Longissimus
- Superiorly to Ribs between Tubercles and Angles
- T/S & C/S TVP’s
- Mastoid Process of Temporal Bone
64
What are the Actions of Longissimus
- Bilateral: Extension of Spine & Neck
| - Unilateral: Lateral Flexion of Spine
65
What is the Shape of Spinalis
Long, Strong Bands
66
What is the Location of Spinalis
Parallel to the Vertebral Column
| 3 Segments: Thoracis, Cervicis, Capitis
67
What is the Fibre Direction of Spinalis
Vertical
68
What are the Origins of Spinalis
- Posterior Iliac Crest via Thoracolumbar Fascia
- Posterior Sacrum
- Sacroiliac Ligament
- Sacral & Lumbar SP’s
- Supraspinous Ligament
69
What are the Insertions of Spinalis
- T/S SP’s
| - Occiput between Superior & Inferior Nuchal Line
70
What are the Actions of Spinalis
- Bilateral: Extension of Spine & Neck
| - Unilateral: Lateral Flexion of Spine
71
Which Muscles are in the Deep Intrinsic Layer
- Semispinalis
- Multifidus
- Rotatores
72
What is the Shape of Semispinalis
Short
73
What is the Location of Semispinalis
Parallel to Spine, Deep to Erector Spinae
| 3 Segments: Thoracis, Cervicis, Capitis
74
What is the Fibre Direction of Semispinalis
Superomedial
75
What are the Origins of the Semispinalis
- TVP’s
| - C4-T12 Vertebrae
76
What are the Insertions of the Semispinalis
- Occipital Bone (Capitis)
| - SP’s in T/S & C/S spanning 4-6 segments
77
What are the Actions of the Semispinalis
- Extend Head, T/S & C/S
| - Contralateral Rotation of Head, T/S & C/S
78
What is the Shape of the Multifidus
Short Muscles
79
What is the Location of the Multifidus
- Parallel to Spine; Deep to Erector Spinae
| - Thickest in Lumbar Spine
80
What are the Origins of the Multifidus
- Sacrum & Ilium
- PSIS
- Sacroiliac Ligament
- TVP’s L5-C4
81
What are the Insertions of the Multifidus
- SP’s 2-4 segments superior
82
What are the Actions of the Multifidus
- Bilateral: Extension of Spine
- Unilateral: Lateral Flexion of Spine
- Contralateral Rotation of Spine
- Stabilize Vertebrae
83
What is the Shape of the Rotatores
- Short
84
What is the Location of the Rotatores
- Parallel to Spine; Deep to Erector Spinae
| - 2 Segments: Brevis & Longus
85
What is the Origin of the Rotatores
- TVP’s
86
What are the Insertions of the Rotatores
- Brevis: SP of Vertebrae above
| - Longus: SP of Vertebrae 2 Segments above
87
What are the Actions of the Rotatores
- Stabilize Spine
- Local Extension
- Contralateral Rotation
- Proprioception
88
What is the Innervation of Spinalis
Posterior Rami of Spinal Nerves
88
What is the Innervation of Rhomboid Major
Dorsal Scapular Nerve
88
What is the Innervation of Multifidus
Dorsal Rami of Spinal Nerves
89
What is the Innervation of Serratus Posterior Superior
2nd and 5th Intercostal Nerves
90
What is the Innervation of Levator Scapula
Dorsal Scapular Nerve
91
What is the Innervation of Rotatores
Dorsal Rami of Spinal Nerves
92
What is the Innervation of Latissimus Dorsi
Thoracodorsal Nerve
93
What is the Innervation of Rhomboid Major
Dorsal Scapular Nerve
94
What is the Innervation of Longissimus
Posterior Rami of Spinal Nerves
95
What is the Innervation of Iliocostalis
Posterior Rami of Spinal Nerves
96
What is the Innervation of Semispinalis
Dorsal Rami of Spinal Nerves
97
What is the Innervation of Splenius Cervicis
Posterior Rami of Cervical Spinal Nerves
98
What is the Innervation of Splenius Capitis
Posterior Rami of Cervical Spinal Nerves
99
What is the Innervation of Trapezius
Accessory Nerve (CNXI, Cranial Nerve)
100
What is the Innervation of Serratus Posterior Inferior
Anterior Rami T9-T12 Spinal Nerves
